genetics vocab

Question 1

Homologous

Answer 1

having the same relative position, value, or structure

Question 2

Diploid

Answer 2

a cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes - 46

Question 3

Haploid

Answer 3

A cell that only contains one set of chromosomes - 23

Question 4

Meiosis

Answer 4

A specialized type of cell division occurring in sexually reproducing organisms

Question 5

Tetrad

Answer 5

A group of 4 chromatids formed during prophase of meiosis when two homologous chromosomes pair

Question 6

Crossing-over

Answer 6

Exchange of genetic material between chromatids during meiosis, causing new combos of alleles and genetic variation in offspring

Question 7

Gene-linkage

Answer 7

The tendency for two or more genes located together on the same chromosome to be inherited together during meiosis

Question 8

Gene-mapping

Answer 8

The process of determining the exact location of genes on a chromosome.

Question 9

Gamete

Answer 9

A reproductive cell

Question 10

Independant assortment

Answer 10

The claim that when genes are passed down from parent to offspring, each gene is inherited separately from others

Question 11

Punnet square

Answer 11

A table in which all of the possible outcomes for a genetic cross between two individuals with known genotypes are given

Question 12

Allele

Answer 12

One of two or more versions of a genetic sequence at a particular region on a chromosome