Genetics of mood disorders

Question 1

One parent has a mood disorder

Answer 1

-child has risk of 10-25 % for mood disorder

Question 2

Both parents have a mood disorder

Answer 2

-child’s risk is doubled to 50%

Question 3

Family history of bipolar

Answer 3

• conveys greater risk for mood disorders
• bipolar disorder in particular
• broad heritability is 85-90%
• sex is not important

Question 4

lifetime risk of unrelated person to someone with bipolar

Answer 4

• risk of having bipolar 0.5-1.5%

- risk of unipolar 5-10%

Question 5

1st degree relative of someone with bipolar

Answer 5

• risk of bipolar 5-10%

- risk of unipolar 10-

Question 6

Monozygotic co-twin of a bipolar person

Answer 6

• risk of bipolar 40-70%

- risk of unipolar 15-25%

Question 7

BDNF

Answer 7

• brain derived neurotrophic factor

- 11p13

Question 8

DAO G72/G30

Answer 8

• D aminoacid oxidase

- 13q33

Question 9

COMT

Answer 9

• catechol-o-methyl transferase
• breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene
• 22q11

Question 10

Chromosome 18

Answer 10

• near loci 4

- affective disordres in general

Question 11

Chromosome 21q

Answer 11

-both in schizophrenia and BPAD

Question 12

Serotonin transporter gene

Answer 12

• hSERT and 5HT2A gene

- associated with modest statistical significance in seasonal affective disorder

Question 13

Schizoaffective disorder

Answer 13

• the risk to a first degree relative for any psychiatric disorder is higher in schizoaffective disorder than any other psychiatric disorder
• rate of bipolar is high if the proband has a schizoaffective-manic presentation
• rate of schizophrenia is high if the poband has schizoaffective-depressive presentation

Question 14

DAO & BDNF

Answer 14

-seen more in mood disorders than schizophrenia

Question 15

DISC 1 and NRG

Answer 15

• shared with schizophrenia

- seen in schizoaffective disorder

Question 16

Dysbindin

Answer 16

-seen more in schizophrenia than mood disorders

Question 17

CREB1 (chr 2)

Answer 17

-unipolar depression

Question 18

G72

Answer 18

-the function of G72 (aka DAOA) may be to oxidize serine, a potent activator of glutamate transmission via a modulatory site on the NMDA (n-methyl-d aspartate) receptor

Question 19

Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

Answer 19

• several studies have shown that antidepressant administration is associated with increased central BDNF levels in experimental animals and administration of BDNF itself has been associated with antidepressant-like activity

Question 20

Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1

Answer 20

• gene on chromosome 1q

- expressed in multiple brain regions including the hippocampus

Question 21

5HTT, MAO and COMT

Answer 21

-these three genes have been shown to be associated with BPAD

Question 22

Dysbindin

Answer 22

• aka dystrobrevin binding protein 1

- involved in the formation of synaptic structures

Question 23

Neuroregulin

Answer 23

-involved in neuronal migration and the genesis of glial cells and subsequent myelination of neurons by these cells

Question 24

GRK3

Answer 24

• this is the only candidate identified using animal model studies
• gene participates in down-regulation of G-proetin coupled receptors and is associated with BPAD