GENETICS/HEREDITY Flashcards
What is genetics
The study of how inherited traits are passed on from generation to generation
How are traits passed on to the next generation?
Via genes- a section of chromosomes that codes for a specific protein
The genetic code- the chemical language that contains the information for coding proteins.
What is heredity???????????????
The passing on the traits from one generation to the next generation.
What does DNA mean????????
Depxyribonucleic acid.
What is DNA important for??????????
All living things have DNA,
It contains all of the instructions,necessary for life,
DNA exists in long called chromatin, coiled strand of chromatin is called a chromosome.
iChat is genetic material carried in?????????(??
Gene which are located in chromosomes.
What is the structure of DNA????????????????
Has a sugar-phosphate backbone,
Genetic code or “alphabet” made of nitrogenous bases caller nucleotides.
What are nucleotides made up of????????????
Sugar molecule,
Phosphate molecule,
And a nucleotide base.
What are the pairs
(A)- adenine is paired with (T)- thymine,
(C)-cytosine is paired with (G)- guanine.
(A,T)
(C,G)
Codons?
Every three nucleotides makes a codon, which codes for a specific amino acid.
Amino acids
There are 20 types
*they make up proteins
Proteins code for a specific trait or function.
