Genetics, Evolution And Biodiversity

Question 1

What is the role of Helicase?

Answer 1

1. Unwind the DNA double helix
2. Breaks Hydrogen bonds

Question 2

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Answer 2

1. Synthesise new DNA strands
2. Add nucleotides to existing strand

Question 3

What is the role of primase?

Answer 3

1. Synthesise of the RNA primer
2. The starting point for polymerase

Question 4

What is the role of ligase?

Answer 4

1. Seals gaps new DNA strands
2. Connect Okazaki fragments

Question 5

What happens within the initiation process of DNA replication?

Answer 5

1. DNA helicase unwinds the double helix

Question 6

What happens in the elongation process of DNA replication?

Answer 6

1. DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strands in the 5’ to 3’ direction

Question 7

What happens in the termination process of DNA replication?

Answer 7

1. Replication reaches the end of the DNA molecule, and the newly synthesised DNA strands are proofread for errors.

Question 8

What happens within the initiation process during DNA transcription?

Answer 8

1. RNA polymerase binds to the DNA molecule promoter region to initiate transcription

Question 9

What happens within the elongation process during DNA transcription?

Answer 9

1. RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template, synthesising RNA molecules following the base pairing rules.

Question 10

What happens during the termination process within DNA transcription?

Answer 10

1. RNA polymerase and the newly synthesised RNA molecule detach from the DNA template as the process ends.

Question 11

What is the role of promoter region?

Answer 11

1. Short region of DNA where transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase begins.

Question 12

What is DNA transcription?

Answer 12

1. The process of transferring genetic information from DNA to RNA.