Genetics & DNA

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Double stranded nucleic acids that contain genetic info for making protein

Question 2

Chromosomes

Answer 2

Piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, found in the nucleus

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

Unit of genetic info found in the chromosomes

Question 4

Genome

Answer 4

Total amount of DNA in a single cell. The whole hereditary info of an organism, including its genes

Question 5

Allele

Answer 5

Different forms of the same gene. E.g. The allele for eye colour has an allele for blue or brown and they can be dominant or recessive

Question 6

Dominant allele

Answer 6

The characteristics controlled by a dominant allele develops if the allele is present on one or both chromosomes in a pair

Question 7

Recessive allele

Answer 7

The characteristics controlled by a recessive allele develops only if the allele is present in both chromosomes in a pair

Question 8

Homozygous

Answer 8

An individual who has two identical alleles

Question 9

Heterozygous

Answer 9

If a certain gene contains two different alleles

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

The characteristics expressed by an individual.

Question 11

Genotype

Answer 11

Genetic makeup of an individual.