Genetics Chapters Flashcards
name the type of cell: unicellular organisms
prokaryotic cells
name the type of cell: simple cell structure
prokaryotic cells
name the type of cell: compartmentalized cell structure
eukaryote cells
two types : bacteria or archaea
prokaryotic cells
archaea (ancient bacteria) has a genetic process similar to
eukaryote cells
prokaryotic cells lack
a nuclear membrane
in a prokaryotic cell, genes are located
on a singular chromosome
eukaryotic cells can be
unicellular or multicellular
eukaryotic cell structure
compartmentalized
chromatin
complex of DNA and histone proteins found in eukaryotes
histone proteins
help regulate the accessibility of DNA to enzymes and other proteins that read the DNA
viruses are
neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic
viruses cell structure
(they don’t have one)
outer viral protein coat surrounds nucleic acid (DNA or RA)
virus
viruses spread easily because
they are simple and contain small genomes (good for studying molecular processes and (some) genetic analysis)
nucleic acids contain
coding instructions for all living organism
nucleic acids are
the building blocks of DNA
genetic materials
contain complete information, replicates faithfully, encodes the phenotype and has the capacity to vary
Johann Friedrich Mischer
discovered the DNA was made up of nucleic acids
Aaron Levene
discovered nucleotide and structure
Nucleotide is made up of
Phosphate, Sugar and a base
Chargaff’s Rule
A = T, C = G
RNA serves as genetic material for
some viruses
transformation still occurs even when RNA or virus is killed
because DNA is still able to transform
