Genetics And Breeding Flashcards
What does strain & stock mean? Also strain, stock?
Strain & stock = race
Strain = inbred
Stock = outbread
What is diestrous?
The resting period after mating, its 50-60 hours.
What does vaginal smear show in the different phases?
1) few cells to see
2) epithelial cells will start to clump, nuclei disappear
3) huge clumps together
4) some neutrophils, cells with nuclei reappear
Which estrous phase is the best to mate in?
Proestrous.
How does a fertilized egg cell develop over time?
After 24 hours first cell division.
Next 2 days it becomes 16 cells.
Then 40 cells when it develops into a blastocyst.
How many days after birth until eyes and ears open?
17 days
How to calculate gene chance in outbread animals?
(p+q)^2 = p^2 + q^2 + 2pq
For example:
64% II
4% UU
32% IU
What are animals called after they have been successfully inbread?
Homozygotes on all loci (normally 95-98%)
Name all methods for creating transgenic animals.
- Retrovirus
- Sperm precursor injection
- Pronucleus microinjection
- Embryonic stem cell transfection (mice,rats and humans)
- Cloning
- Nuclease transfection on embryos
How does cloning and nuclear transfer work?
- Pigs, take fiberblast
- culture them in lab
- knock out gems and manipulate dna in them
- get some egg cells from female pig
- scrape out the nucleus from the fiberblast and put it in the egg cell
- develop them into blastocysts
- put in the uterus of a pig
And a knockout gene pig will be born
What is fidelity and discrimination?
Made by russell and Birch.
Fidelity means overall proportionate difference (between human and animal model) and a high fidelity means that all properties are equally badly produced.
Discrimination means the extent to which the model reproduces one particular property of the original.
