Genetics Flashcards
What is a genome?
Total set of chromosomes
What does diploid mean?
When chromosomes are in pairs
What is meiosis?
Gamete formation
What is an intron?
Segment of DNA not expressed into mRNA (in to the bin)
What is an exon?
Segment of DNA expressed into mRNA
What is the term for location of a gene on a chromosome?
Locus
What is Mendel’s first law?
Two members of a gene pair segregate from each other in the formation of the gamete, half the gamete carry one allele, half the other allele
What is Mendel’s second law?
Genes for different traits assort independently of one another in the formation of gametes
What is a dominant allele?
When there are two alleles, three possible genotypes, but only two phenotypes as if the ‘dominant’ allele is shown its expressed
What is co-dominance?
No allele is dominant to the other, three genotypes, three phenotypes
What is epistasis?
The presence of an allele at one locus masks the effect of an allele at a different locus
What is inactivation?
One of the X chromosomes becomes inactive in each of all female embryos
What are sex linked genes?
When genes are located on sex chromosomes therefore sex of an animal effects expression
What are sex influenced genes?
Same genotype different phenotype depending on sex such as presence of Horns
