Genetics Flashcards
Inheritance
DNA is your genetic blueprint
Remember what you have learned about proteins synthesis
Do you know the transcribed to mRNA translated to proteins
Jeans that are segments of DNA code for your proteins and proteins(eyes, hair, muscle, skin, etc) Amount for your traits
Parents
You receive half of your genetic make up 23 chromosomes from your mom and half from your dad
Chromosomes
Think back to our discussion about karyotype’s. You’re 46 chromosomes can be organized into 23 pairs. The pair of Houma Logus chromosomes are the same size, shape and Keri jeans were the same trait. One of these chromosomes was inherited from mom, and other from dad. Although both chromosomes in the Parikh your information for the same traits they can carry different selections for each trait example mom’s chromosomes could hold a gene for blonde hair and dad’s chromosomes could hold a gene for brown hair
Dominant and recessive
A dominant trait covers a recessive trait example brown eyes
A recessive trait is covered up by a dominant trait example blue eyes
Dominant
Dominance is the presence of something
Presence of pigment (color)
- brown eyes
- black hair
- darker skin
Presence of hair
-windows peak
Presence of an extra body part
- 6 fingers
- 6 toes
Shown by a capital letter
Recessive
Recessive is the absence of some thing
-Can be easily masked
Examples absence of pigment such as blonde hair and light colored eyes
Absence of curls example straight hair
Shown by lower case letters
Alleles
An allele what is one of the jeans for a treat. You have two of them for a treat. One from mom and one from dad. They are shown with letters either a dominant a or recessive a
Heterozygous
Hetero means different therefore if alleles for a trait are heterozygous Then the individual has one dominant and one recessive (Aa, Bb, Cc)
Heterozygous individuals will show a dominant trait because dominant Masks recessive
Homozygous brown hair Bb
Homozygous
How many same so individuals who have homozygous alleles are either
-homozygous, expressed dominant trait
(AA, BB, CC)
BB- brown hair dominant
bb- blonde hair recessive
Phenotype
Physical expression of alleles example brown hair, blue eyes, tall
Genotype
Genetic make up; alleles
Example BB, bb, Tt, Hh
Punnett squares
Used to predict inheritance of traits
Parents generation written on the outside of the square
Possible off spring filled in the middle