Genetics Flashcards
Passing of traits from parent to offspring
Heredity
Father of genetics
Gregor Mendel
Different forms of a gene
Allele
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Gene
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes
Trait
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present
Dominant allele
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
Recessive allele
An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits
Phenotype
Genetic makeup of an organism
Genotype
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
Punnet Square
Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA)
Homozygous Dominant
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Heterozygous
Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Incomplete Dominance
Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa)
Homozygous Recessive
The scientific study of heredity
Genetics
A condition which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive
Codominance
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
Hybrid
The offspring of many generations that have the same traits
Purebred
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Sexual Reproduction
A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
Asexual Reproduction
