Genetics Flashcards
Prokaryotic
Circular single DNA molecule
Haploid
Plasmids extrachromosomal DNA
Nucleoid makes DNA in cytoplasm
Eukaryotic
Linear multiple DNA molecules
Varying numbers of chromosomes
Diploid
Mitosis and meiosis
What is a gene
DNA sequence specifies the amino acid sequence in a protein
Codons
A t g c
RNA synthesis and processing
Transcriptional control
Protein synthesis
Translation
Prok DNA
Naked
Euk DNA
Histone proteins
Plasmids
Found mainly in prok
Extrachromosomal DNA
Code for virulence factors or antibiotic resistance
F plasmid
Tranfered during conjugation via pili
R plasmid
Drug resistance
Plasmid characteristics
Small DNA molecule
Circular
Origin of replication
Artificial chromosome
Plasmids accept large DNA inserts
Exist like a chromosome
Bac
Yac
DNA polymerase
Synthesizes 5-3 Requires a primer DNA RNA Protein Requires template Requires dntps
Replication complex
Replication fork
Bidirectional
Continuous
Leading strand
Discontinuous
Lagging strand
Begins at specific sequence
Origin of replication
Helicases
Unwind and unzip DNA