Genetics

Question 1

Define gene, allele, and genetics

Answer 1

Genetics: the study of potentials of passing information from parents to their offspring
Gene: the unit of inheritance which is made out of DNA
Allele: a gene when discussing a different form of the same gene

Question 2

What contributions did Gregor Mendel make to the area of genetics?

Answer 2

He did experiments on pea plants and laid down the foundation for modern genetics

Question 3

What are the similarities and differences of dominant and recessive genes?

Answer 3

Dominant is a strong gene that can overpower a weaker gene. Signified by a capital letter
Recessive is the weaker gene that can be repressed by the dominant gene. Signified by a lowercase letter

Question 4

Define homozygous

Answer 4

Both genes are the same. (PP) or (pp)

Question 5

Define heterozygous

Answer 5

Different forms of a gene (Pp)

Question 6

Define genotype

Answer 6

Your genetic make up

Question 7

Define phenotype

Answer 7

Your physical appearance

Question 8

Define carrier

Answer 8

Implies heterozygous, you carry the recessive gene but don’t show it

Question 9

What is an autosomal dominant trait?

Answer 9

When a trait or disease is the result of a dominant gene located on the autosome

Question 10

What is an autosomal recessive trait?

Answer 10

When a trait or disease is the result of a recessive gene located on the autosomes

Question 11

What is incomplete dominance?

Answer 11

When a dominant gene is not strong strong enough to completely overshadow a recessive gene

Question 12

What is codominance?

Answer 12

When there is no dominant or recessive gene

Question 13

What are the 4 main human blood types? What is the inheritance for these types?

Answer 13

A, B, O, and AB

A= AA AO
B= BB BO
AB= AB
O= OO

Question 14

What is a sex-linked trait?

Answer 14

When the gene is located on the X chromosome