Genetics

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

unit of heredity that is transferred from parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring, each gene tells teh cell how to perform a different function

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

Deoxyribonucleic acid, carrier of genetic information and material

Question 3

chromosones

Answer 3

46 chromosomes, 23 pairs

different chromosomes contain different genes

Question 4

genomes

Answer 4

“instruction book” for our body, composed of genes dna and chromosomes

Question 5

mendelian mode of inheritance

Answer 5

The manner by which genes and traits are passed from parents to their children

Question 6

non-mendelian mode of inheritance

Answer 6

no single gene is cause of disorder, environment is factor

Question 7

autosomal dominant (mendelian mode of inheritance)

Answer 7

A pattern of inheritance in which an affected individual has one copy of a mutant gene and one normal gene on a pair of autosomal chromosomes, 50 50 chance of passing it on. Parkinson disease caused by mutation to alpha-synuclien gene

Question 8

autosomal recessive (mendelian mode of inheritance)

Answer 8

A genetic condition that appears only in individuals who have received two copies of an autosomal gene, one copy from each parent. ex congenital hearing loss

Question 9

x linked forms of inheritance (mendelian mode of inheritance)

Answer 9

caused by mutations in x chromosome. more in males than females because males have just one X and doesn’t have a good X to help out. ex fragile x syndrome

Question 10

What should a practicing audiologist or speech language pathologist do when he/she suspects that there is a genetic contribution to the child’s communication disorder but the child is yet to be diagnosed with a genetic disorder?

Answer 10

ask questions and draw a pedigree, make referrals, learn about genetic counseling and explain to families