genetics 2

Question 1

character

Answer 1

feature that varies among individuals (flower color, eye color)

Question 2

Trait

Answer 2

variants for character
(brown eyes, 6 ft tall)

Question 3

alleles

Answer 3

alternatives versions of a gene

Question 4

how many alleles do we inherit

Answer 4

2 (one from each parent)

Question 5

Law of segregation

Answer 5

• allele pairs seperate from one another during the formation of gametes in meiosis
  states the gametes each only carry one allele. (egg carries one/ sperm carries one)

Question 6

phenotype

Answer 6

physical traits of an individual

Question 7

genotype

Answer 7

Letters used to represent combinations (Ll, Ff)

Question 8

homozygous

Answer 8

a pair of identical alleles for a gene
(ll, LL)

Question 9

heterozygous

Answer 9

a pair of different alleles (Kk, Ff)

Question 10

which allele determines the phenotypes if the 2 alleles differ

Answer 10

The dominant allele

Question 11

which allele does not affect the appearance of the individual

Answer 11

Recessive allelle

Question 12

In mendelian genetics a dominant phenotype may have…

Answer 12

a homozygous dominant genotype or a heterozygous genotype

Question 13

a test cross can determine its genotype by…

Answer 13

crossing a recessive homozygote (ff) with the individual who has a dominant phenotype but unknow genotype

Question 14

whats a dihybrid cross used for

Answer 14

to demonstarte the Law of Independent Assortment

Question 15

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer 15

each trait is inherited independent of other traits, not as a package of traits

Question 16

In dihybrid crosses…

Answer 16

we track 4 alleles at once (2 per trait)