genetics

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

is the study of heredity. Genetics involves studying how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

Question 2

Heredity

Answer 2

is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Question 3

Traits

Answer 3

are the characteristics of an organism. Examples are eye color, freckles, height or dimples.

Question 4

allele

Answer 4

a different form or version of a gene - alleles usually occur in pairs

Question 5

dominant

Answer 5

a gene variant that is expressed more strongly than other versions of the same gene - the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele

Question 6

recessive

Answer 6

a gene that is masked by a dominant gene, and is only expressed when two copies of the gene are present

Question 7

genotype

Answer 7

the genetic make up or code of an organism - Ex: BB, Bb, bb

Question 8

phenotype

Answer 8

the observable traits or physical appearance of an organism - Ex: brown eyes or blue eyes

Question 10

homozygous

Answer 10

If an organism has two of the same kind of gene for a trait, it is called pure or homozygous.
Example: Homozygous brown eyes (BB) ~ Homozygous blue eyes (bb)

Question 11

heterozygous

Answer 11

An organism with two different alleles for a trait is called heterozygous or hybrid.
Example: A heterozygous tall plant (Tt) expresses the dominant allele (T or tall) and thus, is tall.