Genetics

Question 1

Is the study of heredity. Genetics involves studying how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

Answer 1

Genetics

Question 2

Is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Answer 2

Heredity

Question 3

Are the characteristics of an organism. Examples are eye color, freckles, height or dimples.

Answer 3

Traits

Question 4

Chromosomes are thread-like structures in the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information. A chromosome consists of a long strand of DNA containing many genes.

Answer 4

Chromosome

Question 4

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule made up of nucleotides that contains genetic information for cell growth, division and function

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

A gene is a segment on a chromosome that determines a specific trait. Genes are the units of heredity.

Answer 5

Gene

Question 6

A different form or version of a gene - alleles usually occur in pairs.

Answer 6

Allele

Question 6

A gene variant that is expressed more strongly than other versions of the same gene - the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele.

Answer 6

Dominant

Question 7

A gene that is masked by a dominant gene, and is only expressed when two copies of the gene are present.

Answer 7

Recessive

Question 8

The observable traits or physical appearance of an organism - Ex: brown eyes or blue eyes

Answer 8

Phenotype

Question 9

The genetic make up or code of an organism - Ex: BB, Bb, bb

Answer 9

Genotype

Question 10

If an organism has two of the same kind of gene for a trait, it is called pure or homozygous.
Example: Homozygous brown eyes (BB) ~ Homozygous blue eyes (bb).

Answer 10

Homozygous

Question 11

An organism with two different alleles for a trait is called heterozygous or hybrid.
Example: A heterozygous tall plant (Tt) expresses the dominant allele (T or tall) and thus, is tall.

Answer 11

Heterozygous