Genetics

Question 1

who is the “father of genetics”

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel (experimented with pea plants)

Question 2

alleles are?

Answer 2

alternate forms of a gene

Question 3

how many alleles does a person have?

Answer 3

two per trait

Question 4

Dominant alleles?

Answer 4

covers the recessive “the stronger”

Question 5

recessive alleles?

Answer 5

will be covered by the dominant allele if one is present. Must only have recessive alleles for them to show.

Question 6

Homozygous dominant?

Answer 6

AA

Question 7

homozygous recessive?

Answer 7

aa

Question 8

heterozygous

Answer 8

Aa

Question 9

homo means?

Answer 9

same

Question 10

hetero means?

Answer 10

different

Question 11

genotype is what?

Answer 11

the genes, whats inside, 2 letter combo

Question 12

phenotype is what?

Answer 12

physical appearance, the result of the genotype

Question 13

law of segregation

Answer 13

the alleles segregate when gametes are formed so off spring receive one allele from each parent

Question 14

law of independent assortment

Answer 14

alleles assort independently when gametes are formed. so all possible combinations of alleles can occur in the gametes

Question 15

1st always rule

Answer 15

3:1 phenotypic ratio if both parents are heterozygous for the trait

Question 16

monohybrid crosses

Answer 16

one trait; 4 punnett squares; 3:1 phenotypic ratio if both parents are heterozygous for the trait (1st always rule)

Question 17

Dihybrid cross

Answer 17

2 traits; 16 punnett squares; 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio if both parents are heterozygous for both traits (second always rule)

Question 18

2nd always rule?

Answer 18

9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio if both parents are heterozygous for both traits

Question 19

Punnett square

Answer 19

diagram used to hep calculate genetic probabilities

Question 20

who invented the punnet square?

Answer 20

Reginald Punnett