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6th Grade - Science > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Heredity

A

The passing of traits form parents to a offspring

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2
Q

Genetics

A

The study of traits are passed

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3
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

Known as the father of genetics. He disputed the idea that offsprings are just a mix of the two parents

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4
Q

Self-pollination vs cross pollination

A

Self-when pollen from one plant land on a pistol cross

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5
Q

True breeding

A

When this type of plant cell pollinates,it always produces a offspring with traits that match with the parent

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6
Q

Dominant trait

A

A genetic factor that blocks another genetic factor

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7
Q

Recessive trait

A

A genetic factor that is blocked by the pressure of a dominant factor

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8
Q

Chromosomes

A

A nucleus that contains thread like structures

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9
Q

Gene

A

A section on a chromosome that has genetic info for one trait

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10
Q

Alleles

A

Different forms of a gene

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11
Q

Phenotype

A

Geneticists call how to trait, appears or is expressed

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12
Q

Genotype

A

The two alleles that control the phenotype of a trait

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13
Q

Homozygous genotype

A

When two alleles of gene are the same

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14
Q

Heterozygous genotype

A

When two alleles of a gene are different

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15
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

When the offspring’s phenotype is a combination of the parents phenotype

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16
Q

Codominance

A

When both alleles can be observed in a phenotype

17
Q

Polygenic inheritance

A

Occurs are in multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait

18
Q

Environmental influences on phenotypes

A

Healthful choices

19
Q

DNA

A

a organisms genetic material

20
Q

A nucleotide

A

Is a molecule made of nitrogen base

21
Q

Replication

A

The process of copying of DNA molecule

22
Q

Transcription

A

The process of making mRNA from DNA

23
Q

Translation

A

The process of making a protein from RNA

24
Q

Mutation

A

A change in nucleotide sequence of a gene

25
Q

Three types of RNA

A

MRNA, tRNA,rRNA

6th Grade - Science (5 decks)

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