Genetics

Question 1

what did Gottesman find

Answer 1

MZ had 48% risk
DZ had 17% risk
concordance not 100% so environment must be involved

Question 2

candidate genes

Answer 2

individual genes associated with risk of Sz inheritance

Question 3

aeteological heterogeneous

Answer 3

genes + factor = Sz

Question 4

what did Ripke find

Answer 4

Sz is polygenic
studied genetic makeup of 37,000 and 113,000 control group
found 108 genetic variations

Question 5

evaluate biological explanations

Answer 5

+practical app of antipsychotics
+Gottesman & neural correlate study is high in scientific validity
- Gottesman concordance not 100%- shows interactionist approach more valid
- bio reductionism/determinism-oversimplified
+Tiernari-studied 19000 adopted children- those with biological Sz parents 36.8% Sz to those with family dysfunction. Those adopted into good family’s only 5%
+ Leuent- meta- 122- antipsychotics effective at reducing Sz- dopamine is a cause

Question 6

dopamine hypotheis

Answer 6

Carlson says Sz is caused by too many dopamine receptors

Mesolimbic= Hallucinations= hyperdopaminergia

Mesocortical= Avolition= Hypodopaminergia

Question 7

what are neural correlates a measurement of

Answer 7

measurement of the function of the brain that correlates with Sz
Allen says loss of superior temporal gyrus causes hallucinations

Question 8

how do typical antipsychotics work

Answer 8

block dopamine receptors- 75% effective at reducing positive symptoms

Question 9

when were typical antipsychotics made? examples

Answer 9

1950s
chlorpromazine

Question 10

what are symptoms of chlorpomazine

Answer 10

increase HR and blurred vision

Question 11

when were atypical antipsychotics made? examples

Answer 11

1990s
Risperidone

Question 12

what are symptoms of risperidone

Answer 12

weight gain/ seizures

Question 13

how to typical antipsychotics work

Answer 13

block dopamine receptors

Question 14

how to atypical antipsychotics work

Answer 14

binds to dopamine receptors but not stimulating them

Question 15

evaluate antipsychotics

Answer 15

+ economic implications- back to work and less hospital admissions
+ effective- chlorpomazine- thornley did 13 trials with 1000 ptps- reduced symptoms
+effective- Meltzer found clozapine(Atypical) effective in 50% of
cases where typical failed- appropriate
+ leueht-
- tarrier- those who had drugs and CBT recovery better- interactionist