genetics Flashcards
what did the human genome project aim to do
find every single human gene in order to make a complete map of the human genome
T or F. scientists have discovered the function of every human gene
false
is the variation in eye colour in humans due to genetic or environmental variation
genetic variation
how do mutations introduce genetic variation into populations
change the sequence of DNA which can result in an allele when they occur in a gene
how many pairs of chromosomes are involved in determining sex in humans
only one pair of chromosomes
what chromosome(s) does each sperm cell contain
either an X or a Y chromosome
what does homozygous mean
having two alleles for a particular gene that are the same
T or F
characteristics are rarely caused by multiple genes interacting
false
what alleles must you have to display a recessive characteristic
two recessive alleles
describe the difference between a genotype and a phenotype
genotype- combination of alleles
phenotype- characteristics
what are the four different bases in DNA
A(adenine)
T(thymine)
C(cytosine)
G(guanine)
what is bigger- a gene or a genome
a genome
how many stands make up a section of DNA
two polymer strands
the two strands coil together to make a helix
what type of reproduction do humans use to produce an offspring
sexual reproduction
T or F
a zygote is a haploid
false it’s a diploid
