Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Two true breeding parents are crossed similar to Mendel’s P generation. A tall plant is crossed with a short plant. What is the expected outcome for the F1 generation?

  • all short
  • all tall
  • all medium height
  • half tall, half short
A

All tall

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2
Q

If the cross from #1 is continued, what would be the expected outcome in the F2 generation?

  • all short
  • all tall
  • 3 tall, 1 short
  • half tall, half short
A

3 tall, 1 short

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3
Q

If a plant that has round seeds has a parent that has wrinkled seeds, what is its genotype? (Assume that round is dominant. So dominant: R, recessive: r)

A

Rr

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4
Q

This principle states that alleles separate during gamete formation:

  • principle of multiple alleles
  • principle of dominance and recessiveness
  • principle of independent assortment
  • principle of segregation
A

Principle of segregation

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5
Q

If you crossed two heterozygous plants, how many of the offspring will also be heterozygous?

A

Half

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6
Q

A plant that has purple flowers is crossed with one that has white flowers. The offspring were half white and half purple. What were the genotypes of the parents?

A

Pw x ww

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7
Q

A dihybrid cross (AaBb x AaBb) will result in what offspring ratio?

A

9:3:3:1

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8
Q

Phenotype refers to an organisms:

A

Physical appearance (not genetic code)

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9
Q

In each case where Mendel crossed true breeding plants as parents, the offspring displayed only one of the two traits seen in the parents. This observation supports which principle of genetics?

  • segregation
  • independent assortment
  • dominance and recessiveness
  • allele frequency
A

Dominance and recessiveness

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10
Q

Which of the following outcomes would you expect from the following cross: tall, round (TTRR) x short, wrinkled (ttrr)

A

All offspring are tall and round

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11
Q

In Wisconsin Fast Plants, purple (P) stems is dominant to green stems. Green (G) leaves are dominant to yellow leaves.

  1. A plant with purple stems and green leaves (PpGg) is self pollinated. What are the phenotypic ratios of the offspring?
  2. A plant with purple stems and green leaves (PpGg) is crossed with a plant that has green stems and yellow leaves.. What are the phenotypic ratios of the offspring?
  3. A plant that is homozygous dominant for both traits is crossed with one that has green stems and yellow leaves. What are the phenotypic ratios of the offspring?
  4. A plant that is heterozygous for both traits is crossed with one that is heterozygous for purple stems and has yellow leaves. What are the phenotypic ratios of the offspring?
A
  1. 9 purple stems, green leaves/ 3 purple stems, yellow leaves / 3 green stems, green leaves / 1 green stems, yellow leaves
  2. 1:1:1:1
  3. All tall and purple
  4. PpGg x Ppgg; 3/4 purple stems & 1/4 green stems; 1/2 green leaves & 1/2 yellow leaves;

3/4 * 1/2 = 3/8 purple stems, green leaves
3/4 * 1/2 = 3/8 purple stems, yellow leaves
1/4 * 1/2 = 1/8 green stems, green leaves
1/4 * 1/2 = 1/8 green stems, yellow leaves

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