Genetics

Question 1

What is DNA’s backbone made of?

Answer 1

A sugar-phosphate

Question 2

What is attached to the sugar?

Answer 2

A Phosphate and a base

Question 3

What are the bases?

Answer 3

A, T, C, G

Question 4

What does the complementary base pairing state?

Answer 4

A will always pair with T and likewise for C and G

Question 5

What is the shape of DNA?

Answer 5

A Double Helix

Question 6

What is every three bases called?

Answer 6

A Codon or Triplet

Question 7

What does Triplet code for?

Answer 7

An Amino Acid

Question 8

What do Amino Acids make?

Answer 8

Proteins

Question 9

Why are Proteins important?

Answer 9

They are the building blocks of life and are responsible for our traits.

Question 10

What are Chromosomes made up of?

Answer 10

DNA

Question 11

Where are Genes located?

Answer 11

On Chromosome

Question 12

What are Genes?

Answer 12

A section of DNA that codes for a trait( or protein)

Question 13

What is an Allele?

Answer 13

A version of a Gene e.g. Blue eyes, Brown eyes

Question 14

What are the Sex Cells called?

Answer 14

Gametes

Question 15

How are Gametes formed?

Answer 15

Meiosis

Question 16

How many Chromosomes do Gametes have?

Answer 16

Half that of Body Cells(Somatic Cells)

Question 17

What are type of cells are Gametes?

Answer 17

Haploid Cells

Question 18

What are type of cells are Somatic Cells?

Answer 18

Diploid Cells

Question 19

What is a Genotype?

Answer 19

A set of Alleles that an organism carries

Question 20

What is a Phenotype?

Answer 20

The Physical traits shown by the organism

Question 21

How many chromosomes is a human nucleas?

Answer 21

46

Question 22

What is Homozygous Dominant?

Answer 22

When two dominant alleles are present in the Genotype

Question 23

What is Homozygous Recessive?

Answer 23

When two recessive alleles are present in the genotype

Question 24

What is Heterozygous?

Answer 24

When a genotype has both a recessive and dominant allele

Question 25

When is a dominant alleles phenotype displayed?

Answer 25

When it is in the genotype

Question 26

When is the recessive alleles phenotype displayed?

Answer 26

When no dominant allele is present in the genotype

Question 27

Define Asexual Reproduction

Answer 27

When a single organism produce multiple offspring with the exact same genetic makeup

Question 28

Define Sexual Reproduction

Answer 28

When two organisms produce offspring with a different genetic makeup to there own

Question 29

How does the variation in Sexual Reproduction occur?

Answer 29

Caused when Gametes of the two parent organisms meet, resulting in crossing over and random assortment. The variation is further increased when the one random sperm meets the one random egg.

Question 30

What is a disadvantage of Asexual reproduction?

Answer 30

The whole population in a certain area may be vulnerable to a certain disease if the parent isn’t immune to it

Question 31

What is an advantage to Asexual reproduction?

Answer 31

An organism has the ability to quickly populate an area with their species

Question 32

What is an advantage to Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 32

The ability to mutate and vary genes to ensure a species survival against disease or a sudden change in environment

Question 33

What is a disadvantage to Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 33

The time it takes for the offspring to be born and/or the fact it takes two organisms