Genetics

Question 1

It is the functional unit of heredity. These are a set of instructions that determine what the organism is like and its appearance, among others.

Answer 1

Gene

Question 2

They are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Answer 2

Proteins

Question 3

This is the most evident part of the cell. It is located in the center of the cell (but not all the time).

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What is the term when DNA is wrapped in proteins?

Answer 4

Histones

Question 5

When the DNA molecules are wrapped, this is now called as ________.

Answer 5

Chromosomes

Question 6

How many chromosomes are there in each cell?

Answer 6

23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 chromosomes.

Question 7

What is the term for the first 22 pairs of chromosomes?

Answer 7

Autosomes

Question 8

What is the term for the 23rd pair of chromosomes?

Answer 8

Sex Chromosomes

Question 9

It is the polymer of nucleotides (polynucleotide).

Answer 9

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Question 10

It is a compound formed by many simple units connected to each other.

Answer 10

Polymer

Question 11

How many letters are there in a human genome?

Answer 11

4 letters

Question 12

What are the four bases in DNA that are held by hydrogen bonds?

Answer 12

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C)

Question 13

What are the two Purine bases?

Answer 13

Adenine (A) & Guanine (G)

Question 14

What are the two Pyrimidine bases?

Answer 14

Thymine (T) & Cytosine (C)

Question 15

It is formulated, which states that adenine always pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine always pairs with guanine (C-G).

Answer 15

Chargaff rule

Question 16

Who is the Austrian monk, who discovered inheritance through his experiments with pea plants?

Answer 16

Gregor Mendel

Question 17

TRUE OR FALSE
Gregor Mendel is the Father of Chemistry.

Answer 17

FALSE; Father of Genetics

Question 18

It states that when a purebred or homozygous dominant trait is crossed with a recessive trait, the result would be the expression of the dominant trait in all resulting offspring.

Answer 18

Law of Dominance

Question 19

It is an alternative form of a gene, wherein each of the two or more versions of a gene is inherited from the father and the mother.

Answer 19

Alleles

Question 20

It is the place where the allele is located.

Answer 20

Locus

Question 21

It is a trait that is represented by the same capital letters.

Answer 21

Homozygous Dominant

Question 22

It is a trait that is represented by the same lowercase letters.

Answer 22

Homozygous Recessive

Question 23

It is a trait that is represented by one uppercase letter and one lowercase letter.

Answer 23

Heterozygous Dominant.

Question 24

These are traits that do not follow Mendel’s Laws.

Answer 24

Non-Mendelian traits

Question 25

It is when the homozygous dominant trait is crossed with a recessive trait, the result would be the expression of a trait that is in between the dominant and recessive traits.

Answer 25

Incomplete Dominance

Question 26

It is when the two different traits are both present in an individual.

Answer 26

Codominance

Question 27

It is an example of an X-linked recessive trait.

Answer 27

Color blindness

Question 28

TRUE OR FALSE Females have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, and males have two X chromosomes.

Answer 28

FALSE; Female = 2 X Chromosomes; Male = 1 X and 1 Y Chromosome,

Question 29

The person is a _______ for a trait if he or she has it in his or her genes but the trait does not reflect on his or her phenotype.

Answer 29

Carrier

Question 30

It shows the probability of the offspring when a color blind father and a carrier mother marries.

Answer 30

Punnett Square

Question 31

What is an example of multiple alleles?

Answer 31

Blood Type

Question 32

What are the three alleles for the human Blood Type?

Answer 32

A, B, and O.

Question 33

This indicates the presence of the A antigen.

Answer 33

A

Question 34

This indicates the presence of the B antigen.

Answer 34

B

Question 35

This indicates the presence of the absence of any antigen.

Answer 35

O