Genetics Flashcards

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1
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls the cell

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2
Q

How many chromosomes in the nucleus

A

46 (23 pairs)

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3
Q

What are chromosomes made of?

A

DNA and Protein thread (is the structure)

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4
Q

What does DNA structure look like

A

Double helix

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5
Q

What does DNA contain

A

Genetic information (sections are called genes)

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6
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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7
Q

What DNA made from

A

molecule chains

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8
Q

Whats DNA

A

Instructions/code of someones personalitly, features and traits

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9
Q

What are molecule chains made of

A

Millions of nucleotides

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10
Q

What can Cystine (C) match with

A

Guarmine (G)

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11
Q

What can Guarmine (G) match with

A

Cystine (C)

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12
Q

What can Aderine (A) match with

A

Thyme (T)

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13
Q

What can Thyme (T) match with

A

Aderine (A)

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14
Q

What the circle in a nucleotide rep.

A

Phosphate

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15
Q

What does the pentagon in a nucelotide rep.

A

Deoxyribose Sugar

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16
Q

What does the rectangle in a nucleotide rep.

A

Base

17
Q

What are the 4 bases

A

Garmine (G)
Aderine (A)
Cystine (C)
Thyme (T)

18
Q

How many autosomal chromosomes are there

A

44

19
Q

How many sex chromosomes are there

A

2

20
Q

Female chromosomes

A

XX

21
Q

Male chromosomes

A

XY

22
Q

what letter can Dads give

A

X or Y

23
Q

What letter can Mums give

A

Only X

24
Q

Homologous chromosomes

A

Pair 23 in total (1 from mum and 1 from dad)
Can duplicate> splits and doubles chromosome

25
Q

sister chromotid

A

two chromotids joined by a centro mere

26
Q

Diploid

A

Full set (2N=46, N=23)
- two sets bc half from mum (N) and other half from Dad(N)
- 23+23=46
Somatic= Body cells

27
Q

Haploid

A

Half set (N)
Sex cells
half set because eggs math w sperm to make full set