Genetic Testing Flashcards
How do dog breed tests work?
breed identification patterns are made based on SNPs; computers come up with the probability if a breed is part of a particular dog’s ancestry
Are the markers in dog breed tests related to specific genes or traits?
no
Can consumers get dog breed tests directly?
yes
DNA Profiling
uses microsatellite markers for failproof breed identification; can be done in any species
microsatellite marker
highly polymorphic tandem repeat sequences [at the same location on different chromosomes]
ex: CACACACACACACACACACACA (see, you get it)
Parentage Testing
test for shared markers between parent and offspring based on alleles at 18-25 markers
Can you definitely identify who dad is?
no - he’s either “excluded” or “not excluded”
How many SNPs are used in breed testing?
hundreds to thousands
Can you test for mutations?
once you know the mutation, sure
Which would be the least likely to be amenable to the development of a simple genetic test?
C
Do complex diseases have simple genetic tests?
literally read the question - no
Can different mutations cause the same disease?
yes - typically across breeds
complex diseases with associated mutations
if we know the mutation, we can test for it - so technically can get some idea
ex: Belgian Malinois behavior test
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)
amplify a specific DNA sequence around a mutation, then use restriction enzyme that only cuts at the location of said mutation, then run a gel
When should animals be [genetically] tested?
-if they are affected
-before registering for breed specific requirements
-breeding program
