Genetic Screening Flashcards
Why is identification of carriers used?
To identify whether two parents are carriers of a genetic disease.
When is identification of carriers used?
To allows individuals with a family history of a genetic disorder to allow them to find out whether they carry the faulty allele.
In identification of carriers which cells are extracted to take DNA from?
blood or cheek cells
In identification of carriers how are the cells collected?
cheek swabs or blood test.
In identification of carriers what should be considered before testing?
- emotional stress
- false results
- genetic discrimination
In identification of carriers what happens after testing?
If someone finds out that they are a carrier, they can then make an informed decision about whether yo have children or whether to have further testing.
Why is preimplantation genetic diagnosis used?
to allow people to have healthy children
When is preimplantation genetic diagnosis used?
If someone is at risk of having a child with a genetic disorder.
In preimplantation genetic diagnosis which cells are extracted to extract DNA?
8 or 16 embryo cells
In preimplantation genetic diagnosis how are the cells collected?
a biopsy
In preimplantation genetic diagnosis what should be considered before testing?
Ethical issues that surround IVF (discarded embryos)
- unreliable and expensive
- false results
- designer babies may be created
In preimplantation genetic diagnosis what happens after testing?
Only healthy embryos are implanted.
What is prenatal testing?
Screening unborn babies (Chorionic Villus sampling + Amniocentesis)
Why is Chorionic Villus sampling used?
To check for a genetic of chromosomal condition.
When is Chorionic Villus sampling used?
If there is a high risk that the baby could have a genetic disorder.
11-14 into pregnancy
In Chorionic Villus sampling which cells are extracted to extract DNA from?
Chorionic Villi
In Chorionic Villus sampling how are the cells collected?
Using a fine needle through the abdomen or the vagina.
In Chorionic Villus sampling what should be considered before testing?
Risk of miscarriage
false results which could lead to wrongful births
ethical issues - abortion
in Chorionic Villus sampling what happens after testing?
Options need to be considered (termination of pregnancy)
Why is amniocentesis used?
To check for a genetic or chromosomal condition.
When is amniocentesis used?
If there is a high chance the baby could have a condition.
15-20 weeks into pregnancy
In amniocentesis which cells are extracted to extract DNA from?
Sample of amniotic fluid containing fetal cells.
In amniocentesis how are the cells collected?
fine needle through the abdomen
In amniocentesis what should be considered before testing?
Risk of miscarriage
false results which could lead to aborting a healthy fetis and wrongful births.
Ethical issues - abortion
