genetic fingerprinting

Question 1

what is the process of gel electrophoresis

Answer 1

used to separate DNA fragments according to size
fragments onto agar gel
moves towards anode
voltage applied across it resistance of gel means larger move slower
fragments already labelled radioactively

Question 2

what are the features that separate proteins by gel electrophoresis

Answer 2

mass / number of amino acids
charge
R groups

Question 3

describe the process of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 3

DNA extracted from the sample
DNA cut into fragments using restriction endonucleases
use gel electrophoresis to separate DNA fragments
they separate according to size
southern blotting which is transferring it to nylon membrane
hybridisation of VNTRs = radioactive probes attached to specific fragments to label them
membrane with radioactively labelled DNA fragments placed on xray film
development of film reveals dark bands where DNA probes attached