Genetic factors that affect development Flashcards
What is Genetic Predisposition?
The possibility that you will inherit a condition from one or both you parents.
What causes Cystic Fibrosis?
A recessive faulty gene.
What is Cystic Fibrosis?
A defective protein being produced that can cause the lungs to become clogged with thick sticky mucus.
Problems with Cystic Fibrosis?
Problems absorbing nutrients from food and they might suffer from respiratory chest infections.
What causes Brittle Bones?
Inherited from a parent, but could also develop from genetic mutation.
Problems with Brittle Bones?
High risk of fracturing and breaking bones, because the lack of a certain protein collagen.
What is PKU?
A rare genetic disorder that prevents a child from breaking down an amino acid. If the child eats foods with this amino acid, a harmful build of substances occur that damages the brain’s development.
What is Huntington’s disease?
A inherited neurodegenerative genetic disorder that causes progressive damage to nerve cells in the brain. It can affect muscle coordination and cause mental decline and behavioural changes.
What is Klinefelter’s syndrome
An extra X chromosome is acquired after the baby is conceived, not an inherited condition.
Symptoms of Klinefelter’s Syndrome
-Slow at reaching milestones,
-Born with undescended testicals
-Poor muscle power
-Delayed communication
-Passive personality
Risks of smoking during pregnancy:
The nicotine inhaled in smoking contains carbon dioxide which gets into the blood stream restricting the amount of oxygen to the foetus. Children born to mothers who smoke weigh less at birth and are more prone to infections and are twice as likely to die from clot death. Affecting the attention span and learning abilities.
Risks of drinking during pregnancy:
Mothers give birth to foetal alcohol syndrome. They have development and physical defects which have lifelong effects. They tend to be smaller and to have smaller heads than normal caused by poor brain development. They have heart defects, learning difficulties and neurological difficulties.
How does a high sugar diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding effect the child?
Increased risk of high blood cholesterol and later heart disease for the child.
How does malnutrition during pregnancy and breastfeeding affect the child?
May result in a lifetime of poor health for the child.
What does exposure to pollution affect?
Contribution to particular ilnesses such as asthema
