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Lifespan Development Module 2: Beginnings > Genetic-Environment Interactions and Trimesters > Flashcards

Genetic-Environment Interactions and Trimesters Flashcards

Lifespan Development, Module 2 Notes, Pages 7-9

1
Q

Briefly describe relationship between nature & nurture

A

Thought to be at odds with each other

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2
Q

List 3 ways genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) interact to influence individual

What does their names describe?

A

Passive genotype-environment interaction
Evocative genotype-environment interaction
Active genotype-environment interaction

Names describe role that child is taking (passive, active, or evoking certain behaviors from others)

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3
Q

Both nature & nurture play an integral role

A

Even in a supportive environment, child may not have genotype to become advanced at their interest/hobby

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4
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic make-up of an individual

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5
Q

Passive genotype-environment interaction
Describe interaction & child’s role
Give examples

A

Parents provide both genetic predisposition & nurturing context to foster certain qualities in child

Example 1: musical family provides opportunities for musical development
Example 2: parents good at track, have child & make choice to enroll him in sports, child becomes very good athlete, but was not involved in decision to participate in sports

Child’s role is passive

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6
Q

Evocative genotype-environment interaction
Describe interaction & child’s role
Give examples

A

Parents provide genetic predisposition for child to then evoke certain reactions in others from their own behavior

Example 1: very social child affects others around her to behave in certain way, which influences her own development (may develop large social group and be viewed favorably by teachers who value interpersonal skills)
Example 2: child may bang on drum wildly, parent notices child’s interest, decides to enroll him in lessons based on child’s behavior

Child’s own behavior play a role in their development

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7
Q

Why isn’t the genotype enough alone in the evocative genotype-environment interaction?

A

Child may have ability but never develop it due to someone not creating opportunity for them

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8
Q

Active genotype-environment interaction
Describe interaction & child’s role
Give example

A

Parents provide genetic predisposition that results in child actively seeking out environmental conditions that foster development of certain qualities

Example: musically gifted child may single-handedly pursue musical outlets regardless of whether others encourage them to do so

Child takes very active role in their development

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9
Q

Arteries & veins of heart complete development

A

7-8 weeks after conception

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10
Q

thumb sucking can be observed

A

8-9 weeks

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11
Q

can respond to sound

A

20 weeks

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12
Q

if born prematurely, baby can survive at what weeks?

A

22-26 weeks (age of viability- 50/50 chance)

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13
Q

breathing motions can be observed

A

30 weeks

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14
Q

3 periods of prenatal development

A

Germinal
Embryonic
Fetal

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15
Q

When is germinal period of development

- What happens?

A

First 2 weeks after conception

Zygote created & attaches to uterine wall

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16
Q

When is embryonic period of development

- What happens?

A

2-8 weeks after conception

Layers of cells are formed (will eventually develop into organs and support systems for cells)

  • inner layers= develop into respiratory & digestive systems
  • outer layers= develops into nervous & sensory systems
17
Q

When is embryonic period of development

- What happens?

A

2 months-7 months

Period of major growth & development

18
Q

How many trimesters are there?

Approximately how long does each trimester last?

A

3 Trimesters, each lasts approximately 3 months

19
Q

First trimester:

  • Length & weight?
  • What begins developing?
  • When is the heartbeat detectable?
  • What actions can it do?
  • When can it move & respond to touch?
  • When can gender be determined?
A
  • Grows 3 inches & weighs 1 oz. by the end
  • Begins developing: spinal cord, nervous system, gastrointestinal system, heart, lungs
  • Heart beat detectable at 8 weeks
  • Actions: can smile, frown, suck, swallow
  • Can move/respond to touch by 2nd month
  • Can tell gender around 12 weeks
20
Q

At what week can baby’s gender be determined?

A

around 12 weeks

21
Q

When organs begin developing in first trimester?

A

spinal cord, nervous system, gastrointestinal system, heart, lungs

22
Q

When is the heartbeat detectable?

A

8 weeks

23
Q

When can it move/respond to touch?

A

by 2nd month

24
Q

When can it smile, frown, suck, swallow?

A

First trimester

25
Q

Second trimester:

  • Length & weight?
  • What’s developed to protect skin?
  • What can be heard with a stethoscope?
  • When do eyes open?
  • What actions can it do?
  • What has it grown?
  • What can mother feel?
  • What can it feel?
A
  • Grows to 14 inches & weighs 1 lb. by the end
  • Skin protected by vernix & lanugo
  • Heartbeat can be heard with a stethoscope
  • Eyes open at 24 weeks
  • Actions: can suck thumb, has strong grip
  • Has nails, hair, eyelashes, eyebrows
  • Mother feels movement when baby rolls over
  • Can feel pain
26
Q

What protects the skin?

A

Vernix & lanugo

27
Q

Vernix

A

milky substance that protects skin

28
Q

Lanugo

A

fine hairs that protect skin

29
Q

When can heartbeat be heard with stethoscope?

A

24 weeks

30
Q

When can it feel pain?

A

Second trimester

31
Q

When can it suck thumb & roll over?

A

Second trimester

32
Q

When can mother feel movement?

A

Second trimester

33
Q

When does it have nails, hair, eyelashes, eyebrows?

A

Second trimester

34
Q

Third trimester:

  • Length & weight?
  • What skin protection is nearly gone?
  • What is the age of viability?
  • What position does it usually assume?
  • What is soft & pliable?
  • What is continually being added to baby?
  • What does movement feel like to mother at the end?
  • What is baby very responsive to?
A
  • Grows to 19 inches & average weight of 6-7lb at 38 weeks
  • Lanugo is nearly gone
  • Viable at 22-26 weeks
  • Usually assumes upside-down position
  • Skull bones soft & pliable
  • Body fat being continually added
  • Mother feels less movement at the end
  • Very responsive to touch, sound, light stimulation
35
Q

What does it mean to be viable?

A

Able to live outside womb if born prematurely

36
Q

What position does baby assume in the third trimester?

A

Upside-down

37
Q

When is the age of viability?

A

22-26 weeks

Lifespan Development Module 2: Beginnings (3 decks)

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