genetic engineering Flashcards
is the laboratory technique for isolating, purifying, sequencing, analyzing, and manipulating DNA sequences.
dna technology
the use of DNA technology to modify the genome
genetic engineering
is the use of biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products
or processes for a specific purpose.
biotechnology
process by which pieces of DNA or RNA are transferred from one organism to another through alteration of genes.
genetically modified organism
developed to address worldwide issues
golden rice
a type of genetically altered organism that has a gene in its genome– a transgene – from another organism.
transgenic organism
The protein product of a transgene is a ________
recombinant protein
type of protein that can cut DNA at specific locations, called restriction sites.
restriction enzymes
essentially artificial DNA replication.
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
are short single-stranded DNA designed to isolate the sequence of interest
primers
The DNA is heated to ‘unzip’ or separate the two DNA strands.
denaturation
The DNA is cooled to allow the primers to bind to the target DNA region.
annealing
An enzyme called Taq polymerase extends the bonded primer to make new complementary copies of the two template strands.
extension
what does CRISPR stand for?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
was adapted for use in the laboratory from naturally occurring genome editing systems found in bacteria.
CRISPR
technology that research scientists use to selectively modify the DNA of living organisms.
CRISPR
Deactivation of the gene through non-homologous repair (natural process).
gene silencing
Insertion of a new gene sequence through homologous directed repair.
gene editing
