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BIOTECH > Genetic Engineering > Flashcards

Genetic Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

What is genetic engineering?

A

The direct manipulation of DNA to alter organism characteristics in a particular way

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2
Q

Plamid

A

A circular molecule of DNA found in bacteria

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3
Q

Restriction enzyme

A

A protein that can cut DNA at a specific sequence

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4
Q

Ligase

A

A protein that connects human DNA and bacterial DNA (also an enzyme)

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5
Q

Recombinant Plasmid

A

Contains sequences/genes ( DNA) from 2 or more sources

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6
Q

Sticky ends

A

Where the restriction enzyme cut the DNA. It’ll gravitate to other sticky ends until ligase connects them

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7
Q

Ampr gene

A

Anti-biotic or ampicillin resistant. Found in plasmid

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8
Q

Why do we heat shock?

A

To weaken the cell so the recombinant plasmid can enter the bacteria

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9
Q

How many parts does a plasmid have?

A

3
The ori, ampr, and arac

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10
Q

How many BP in pARA-A?

A

5,302 (including rfp and pBAD)

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11
Q

How many BP does rfp and pBAD have?

A

802

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12
Q

PCR

A

Polymerase chain reaction

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13
Q

PCR purpose

A

To make a copy of a specific part of a molecule of DNA

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14
Q

PCR parts are…

A

Denaturation, annealing, and extension

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15
Q

Denaturation

A

The solution is heated in order to separate the strands of the DNA molecule

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16
Q

Annealing

A

The PCR solution is cooled and joined by the primers. The temperature should allow the primers to bind to specific segments of DNA you want to amplify.

17
Q

Extension/Elongation

A

DNA polymerase will begin to work on both strands, and it will use the DNA nucleotides as its building material to amplify the DNA. The step may be warmer than annealing (needs to be a temperature that’s ideal for the specific DNA polymerase used).

18
Q

Gel electrophoresis

A

Used to compare samples of DNA. It sorts through DNA fragments based on size (molecule size).

Ex. Identifying an animal

BIOTECH (3 decks)

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