Genetic Diversity and Natural Selection

Question 1

what creates a high genetic diversity?

Answer 1

lots of different alleles

Question 2

define alleles

Answer 2

different versions of a gene

Question 3

define genetic diversity

Answer 3

number of different alleles within a species or population

Question 4

define gene flow

Answer 4

new and different alleles being introduced into a population when organisms migrate and reproduce

Question 5

what are bottlenecks?

Answer 5

bottlenecks are an event which causes a big reduction in a population

Question 6

what does a bottleneck result in?

Answer 6

it reduces the allele frequency and gene pool of a population- reducing genetic diversity

Question 7

what happens to the survivors of a bottleneck?

Answer 7

they reproduce and a larger population is created from the few survivor individuals

Question 8

what is the founder effect?

Answer 8

it is a genetic bottleneck, the idea that a few organisms start a new colony with a small number of alleles within the initial gene pool

Question 9

what are the advantages of mutations?

Answer 9

they can be beneficial to helping the organism suit its environment more, if the mutation produces a more advantageous allele than the first

Question 10

mutations help support ——————-

Answer 10

natural selection

Question 11

what is directional selection?

Answer 11

individuals with an extreme allele, are more likely to survive and reproduce