Dna Technology, Classification And Diversity Flashcards
Name the technologies that have been useful in clarifying evolutionary relationships
- Genome Sequencing
- Comparing amino acids
- Immunological Comparisons
What is genome sequencing?
-determining an entire base sequence of an organism
- base sequences can then be compared between other organisms
- similar organisms have a high percentage of base sequence
- closely related= a higher percentage of DNA base order
Explain comparing amino acids
- comparing DNA sequences between organisms
- this can be done by analysing amino acid sequences that code for a base sequence of DNA
- related organisms have similar dna base sequences mean similar amino acid sequences
Describe Immunological Comparisons
- comparing antibodies that attach to similar proteins
- when antibodies of a species connect to proteins from another species it shows a similarity of dna
- therefore showing a similarity and closeness of relation between the species
the closest percentages are to eachother the closely ———- they are
Related
Define a high genetic diversity
A high number of different alleles that show a wide characteristic within a population
What do gene technologies allow us to study?
Genetic diversity directly
What are the benefits of gene technologies?
+ give more accurate results
+ they make it easier to compare diversity
Define biodiversity
The variety of living organisms in an area
Define a habitat
The place where an organism lives
Define a community
All the population of a different species within a habitat
Define local biodiversity
The variety of different species within a habitat that is local to you
Define global biodiversity
The variety of species on Earth
Where is biodiversity the greatest at?
Near the equator
Where is biodiversity the most decreased at?
Towards the poles of earth
Define species richness
A measure of the number of different species in a community
How can species richness be measured?
-by choosing a random area
- counting the number of different species within
What is a way of measuring biodiversity?
Index diversity
What is the equation for index diversity?
d= N(N-1) / En(n-1)
N= total number of organisms of all species
n= total organisms of one species
E= sum of
What does a high index diversity mean?
The more diverse an area is
What effect can agricultural developments have on biodiversity?
It can reduce biodiversity
List examples of agricultural developments that can effect biodiversity
- Monoclonal farming
- Woodland farming
- Pesticides
List examples of conservation that helps maintains biodiversity
- Legal protection of species
- Environmental protection of land
