genetic diversity Flashcards
What is genetic diversity?
Genetic diversity is the variation of alleles within a species or population of a species.
Why is genetic diversity important?
Genetic diversity is important because it allows populations to adapt to environmental changes. Low genetic diversity can make populations vulnerable to extinction from a single event, such as a disease.
How can genetic diversity be calculated in a population?
Genetic diversity can be calculated by monitoring the variation of alleles within a population and using specific genetic formulas.
What are isolated populations?
Isolated populations are groups of organisms that are separated from others of their species, which can lead to lower genetic diversity, such as those bred in captivity or rare breeds.
How do breeding programs help genetic diversity?
Breeding programs, such as those in zoos, aim to maximize genetic diversity by carefully selecting mates to avoid inbreeding and increase genetic variation.
What is genetic polymorphism?
Genetic polymorphism is when a gene locus has two or more different alleles present in a population.
What does polymorphism measure?
Polymorphism measures the proportion of gene loci that have more than one allele, indicating genetic diversity.
How is the proportion of polymorphic gene loci calculated?
The proportion of polymorphic gene loci is calculated by dividing the number of polymorphic loci by the total number of loci sampled.
What is the formula for calculating the proportion of polymorphic gene loci?
Proportion of polymorphic gene loci = (number of polymorphic gene loci) / (total number of loci sampled).
If 40 out of 100 genes sampled are polymorphic, what is the proportion of polymorphic loci?
The proportion of polymorphic loci is 0.4 or 40%.
How do you calculate the percentage of polymorphic genes in a sample?
Multiply the proportion of polymorphic gene loci by 100 to get the percentage of genes in the sample that have more than one allele.
