Genetic Diveristy & Natural Selection

Question 1

What is genetic diversity?

Answer 1

The number of different alleles of genes in a population

Question 2

What is natural selection?

Answer 2

Natural selection can only occur if there is a genetic diversity within a population

Question 3

What does natural selection lead to?

Answer 3

Natural selection is a process that leads to evolutions in populations

Question 4

What is evolution?

Answer 4

Evolution is the change in allele frequency over many generations in a population

Question 5

What does natural selection result in for species?

Answer 5

Natural selections results in species becoming better adapted to their environment

Question 6

What are the different types of adaptations?

Answer 6

Anatomical: structural features like beak shapes

Physiological: different enzymes/chemicals with the organism

Behavioural: how the organism may behave like penguins huddling for warmth

Question 7

What is the process of natural selection?

Answer 7

1. New alleles for a gene are created by random gene mutations
2. If the new alleles increase the chances of survival in the environment, then they are more likely to survive and reproduce
3. This reproductions passes on the advantageous allele to the next generation
4. As a result, over many generations, the new allele increases in frequency in the population

Question 8

How many types of natural selection are there? What are the types of natural selection?

Answer 8

There are two types of natural selection. Directional and stabilising selection

Question 9

What is directional selection?

Answer 9

One of the extreme traits have the selective advantage. Occurs when there is a change in the environment. The modal trait changes

Question 10

What is stabilising selection?

Answer 10

The modal traits have the selective advantage. Occurs when there is no change in the environment. The modal trait remains the same.

The standard deviation decrease as individuals with the extreme trait decrease