Genetic Diseases

Question 1

The nurse cares for an elderly client diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following nursing goals is MOST realistic and appropriate in planning care for this client?

1. Return the client to usual activities of daily living.
2. Maintain optimal function within the client's limitations.
3. Prepare the client for a peaceful and dignified death.
4. Arrest progression of the disease process in the client.

Answer 1

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Strategy: Answers are implementations. Determine the outcome of each answer choice. Is it desired?

(1) unrealistic
(2) correct—irreversible disease that leads to permanent physical limitations
(3) unnecessary; disease usually is not terminal
(4) unrealistic; disease is progressive, cannot be arrested

Question 2

A school-aged child injured his right knee yesterday during a soccer game. He is brought to the outpatient clinic by his mother. The child’s right knee is painful, swollen, and bruised. During the interview, the nurse learns that the boy is diagnosed with hemophilia A. The nurse identifies which of the following medications is BEST for this patient?

1. Oxycodone terephthalate (Percodan).
2. Ibuprofen (Motrin).
3. Enteric-coated aspirin.
4. Codeine phosphate (Paveral).

Answer 2

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Strategy: Think about the action of each medication.

(1) contains aspirin, contraindicated for persons with bleeding disorders
(2) increases bleeding time by decreasing platelet aggregation, contraindicated for persons with bleeding disorders
(3) increases bleeding time by decreasing platelet aggregation, contraindicated for persons with bleeding disorders
(4) correct—analgesic used for moderate to severe pain

Question 3

The nurse performs an assessment of an 8-year-old girl diagnosed with scoliosis. Which of the following observations is expected with scoliosis?

1. The girl's thoracic area is asymmetrical.
2. The girl walks with a waddling gait.
3. The girl's lower legs are edematous.
4. The girl has a protruding sternum.

Answer 3

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Strategy: Determine the significance of each answer choice and how it relates to scoliosis.

(1) correct—thoracic area becomes noticeably distorted
(2) seen with hip dislocation
(3) seen with circulatory or inflammatory processes
(4) seen with pigeon breast, or pectus carinatum

Question 4

The clinic nurse performs diet teaching for an older client with acute gout. The nurse should teach the client to limit the intake of which of the following?

1. Red meat and shellfish.
2. Cottage cheese and ice cream.
3. Fruit juices and milk.
4. Fresh fruits and uncooked vegetables.

Answer 4

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Strategy: Answers are implementations. Determine the outcome of each answer choice. Is it desired?

(1) correct—should be on low-purine diet, should avoid red and organ meats, shellfish, oily fish with bones
(2) calcium-rich foods are not limited with gout
(3) no restriction with gout
(4) high-roughage foods are not limited with gout

Question 5

The nurse cares for a patient admitted with low back pain. The history indicates that the patient has hemophilia A. The nurse should question which of the following orders?

1. Ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol).
2. Codeine phosphate (Paveral).
3. Oxycodone terephthalate (Percodan).
4. Hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid).

Answer 5

Show/hide explanation
Strategy: “Nurse should question which of the following orders” indicates a contraindication.

(1) NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) used for short-term management of pain
(2) analgesic used for moderate to severe pain
(3) correct—contraindicated for persons with bleeding disorders, contains aspirin
(4) narcotic analgesic used for moderate to severe pain