Genetic Code Flashcards
1
Q
what does rna do
A
carry dna instructions
2
Q
what is the central dogma
A
info flows in one direction from dna to rna to proteins
3
Q
where does transcription take place
A
euk: nucleus
pro: cytoplasm (has no nucleus)
4
Q
what is involved in transcription (that is stated in the central dogma)
A
dna, rna (mRNA)
5
Q
what is involved in translation (that is stated in the central dogma)
A
rna (mRNA, tRNA), protein
6
Q
what is a codon
A
every 3 RNA nucleotides, has a corresponding amino acid
7
Q
what are the 3 key codon features
A
- continuity
- redundancy
- universality
8
Q
continuity
A
- no spaces, punctuation, overlaps
9
Q
redundancy
A
- 64 codons, 20 amino acids
- 3/64 are STOP codons
- 1/64 are START codons (methionine)
- wobble effect
10
Q
wobble effect
A
- allows for flexibility
- most codons only need the first 2 bases due to action of inosine
11
Q
universality
A
- DNA same in ALL living organisms except DNA in mitochondria/chloroplast
