Genes and Transcription

Question 1

RNA

Answer 1

ribose sugar, P group, nucleoside base

Question 2

Transcript

Answer 2

made same as complementary DNA strand (non-coding)

Question 3

RNA pol I

Answer 3

rRNA synthesis

Question 4

RNA pol II

Answer 4

mRNA, snRNA, siRNA, miRNA

Question 5

RNA pol III

Answer 5

tRNA, snRNA, rRNA

Question 6

rRNA

Answer 6

ribosomal

Question 7

tRNA

Answer 7

transfer

Question 8

mRNA

Answer 8

mature; transcript

Question 9

siRNA

Answer 9

silencing; outside cell

Question 10

miRNA

Answer 10

modification; inside cell

Question 11

snRNA

Answer 11

splicing; inside nucleus

Question 12

Initiation

Answer 12

TFIID recognizes TATA box, brings in complex (RNA pol II and TFs), TFIIH (has helicase) joins, RNA pol II makes short transcription; TFIIH will phos C terminal and all TFs fall off

Question 13

Capping

Answer 13

3 enzymes: phosphatase, guanylyl transferase, methyl transferase
P removed, G added, Me added at 5’ emd

Question 14

Splicing

Answer 14

3 sites: 5’, branch, and 3’; spliceosome (snRNP)
OH on 3’ attacks 5’ end, transfers P
OH on 5’ attacks 3’, transfers P
Lariat excised

Question 15

Polyadenylation

Answer 15

enzyme: poly A polmerase

mRNA tail cleaved, polyA polymerase adds A bases, poly A proteins add on tail

Question 16

Spliceosome

Answer 16

snRNP uses snRNA that attaches to sequences that will be removed

Question 17

Nuclear transport

Answer 17

small things use nuclear pore complex

big things use nuclear import and export receptors depending on if they are leaving or entering the nucleus