Genes and Polypeptides Flashcards
What is the one gene one polypeptide hypothesis?
The portion of DNA which codes a whole polypeptide is called a gene (the sequence of DNA bases which code for polypeptide)
What determines the primary structure of a polypeptide?
The base sequence of a gene
What functions to proteins have within living organisms?
Enzymes, antibodies, hormones, transport proteins and forming structures.
Where are polypeptides transported?
They go from the ribosomes through the cytoplasm to the Golgi body.
What is the modification of a polypeptide called?
Post-translational modification
Where are proteins genetically modified?
The Golgi body
Carbohydrate + Protein =
Glycoprotein
Lipid + Protein =
Lipoprotein
Phosphate + Protein =
Phosphoproteins
What is an example of a highly modified molecule?
Haemoglobin. Each polypeptide has a alpha helix region and is folded. Four polypeptides are combined additionally the protein is modified by combination with four non-protein haem groups.
