Genes and Inheritance

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

A piece of DNA with specific sequence of bases that codes for a protein resulting in a characteristic

Question 2

Locus

Answer 2

Position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 3

Allele

Answer 3

different version of a gene

Question 4

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 4

similar chromosomes that form a pair of chromosomes

Question 5

Dominant allele

Answer 5

Effect is always shown, only 1 copy need

Question 6

Recessive allele

Answer 6

Only shown when alleles are homozygous

Question 7

Carrier

Answer 7

individual who is heterozygous so carries the recessive allele

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

Two different alleles of a gene

Question 9

Homozygous

Answer 9

Alleles of the genes are identical

Question 10

Genotype

Answer 10

Alleles a person has

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

Characteristics from genes and environment

Question 12

Incomplete dominance

Answer 12

Dominant isn’t always shown over the recessive trait so both alleles influence phenotype

Question 13

Whats the formula for chi - squared value?

Answer 13

(O-E)2/ E

Question 14

Whats the null hypothesis?

Answer 14

no difference between observed and expected

Question 15

How do work out the critical value?

Answer 15

From table - 0.05 probability, degree of freedom - number of phenotypes - 1

Question 16

If critical value is smaller than Chi squared value it means?

Answer 16

We can reject the null hypothesis if not we cant