generating electricity

Question 1

how does generating electricity by burning fossil fuels work

Answer 1

fossil fuels are burnt to heat water and make steam
steam turns turbine which turns a generator making electricity
steam which leaves generator is condensed to water before returning to the boiler to restart cycle

Question 2

advantages and disadvantages or burning fossil fuels

Answer 2

Advantages- large amounts of electricity can be generated in one place fairly cheaply

disadvantages- produces carbon dioxide contributing to global warming
coal produce sulphur dioxide leading to acid rain

Question 3

how is energy generating at nuclear power stations

Answer 3

nuclear fission gives out massive amount of heat energy, This then heats water to make steam
steam turns generator making electricity

Question 4

advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy

Answer 4

advantages- doenst produce smoke or carbon dioxide
nuclear power is reliable

disadvantages- Nuclear waste is difficult and expensive to remove

Question 5

how does wind energy work

Answer 5

wind makes blades spin, this turns a generator which makes electricity

Question 6

advantages and disadvantages of wind energy

Answer 6

wind is free
produces no waste or greenhouse gases

disadvantages
wind is unpredictable therefore not reliable

Question 7

how does geo thermal energy work

Answer 7

water is pumped through the ground where there is hot rocks thsi water turns into steam
steam turns a turbine which runs a generator making electricity

Question 8

advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy

Answer 8

Geothermal allergy doesn’t produce any pollution, no fuel

Places where you can build is spouse and has hazardous gases and minerals may come up from under ground

Question 9

how does tidal energy work

Answer 9

tide makes sea and ocean water move, water movement turns turbine blades turn a generator which makes electricity

Question 10

advantages and disadvantages of Tidal energy

Answer 10

Once you’ve built it, tidal power is free no pollution or gas

The environment is changed for many miles upstream and only provides power for 10 hours a day when the Tide is moving in or out

Question 11

how does hydroelectric energy work

Answer 11

Water in a lake high up could be released through a pipe and as it falls it makes blades of a turbine spin which then turn the generator making electricity

Question 12

Disadvantages and advantage of hydroelectric energy?

Answer 12

water can be stored above the dam it’s very reliable

dogs are expensive to build large dams can flood sites are hard to find

Question 13

Advantages of disadvantages of solar energy

Answer 13

advantages, no pollution
long term saving

Disadvantages whether dependent very expensive takes up a lot of room

Question 14

renewable energy meaning

Answer 14

Sources can be used again and again and will never run out and are easily replaced

Question 15

non renewable energy

Answer 15

Sources cannot be used repeatedly I will run out in the future therefore not easily replaced nuclear fossil fuels

Question 16

in sankey diagrams width show

Answer 16

the amount of energy

Question 17

what is efficiency

Answer 17

efficiency is the fraction of energy that is transferred as useful

Question 18

% efficiency equation

Answer 18

efficiency= useful energy or power transferred out divided by total energy or power supplied in multiplied by 100

Question 19

what is the national grid

Answer 19

it’s a network of power stations, transformers pylons and cables that reliably distribute electricity to our homes and factories on demand

Question 20

what does a step up transformer do

Answer 20

increases voltage so current is lower and wires don’t waste heat energy
it’s more efficient

Question 21

what does a step down transformer do

Answer 21

decreases voltage go a safe level for us to use to increase safety and prevent death

Question 22

what are the voltages across the national grid

Answer 22

25,000 volts at power stations
400,000 volts at pylons and cables
230v at houses

Question 23

advantages of the national grid

Answer 23

we can receive electricity from any power stations and other countries like france
if one power station fails the others will still generate
allows for the demand of electricity to be monitored