Generalized absence, myoclonic or atonic seizures + Status epilepticus Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs used for generalized absence, myoclonic or atonic seizures

A

Ethosuximide

Clonazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ethosuximide - MOA

A

Blocks T-type calcium channels in thalamic neurons. Inhibits the low-threshold 3-Hz (three cycles per second) spike-and dome depolarizations seen in absence seizures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ethosuximide - indications

A

DOC for generalized absence seizures in children. (not very effective in adults or other types of seizures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ethosuximide - adverse effects

A

Drowsiness, dizziness, gastric distress, lethargy, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ethosuximide - interactions

A

Decreased met by: valproate. With haloperidol: altered seizure pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clonazepam - MOA

A

Enhances GABA-mediated chloride influx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clonazepam - indications

A

Absence, myoclonic and atonic seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clonazepam - contraindications

A

Acute angle-closure glaucoma, hypersensitivity, severe liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clonazepam - interactions

A

Decreased met by: Cimetidine and disulfiram. Increased met by: rifampin.
Clonazepam increases CNS depression with alcohol.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clonazepam - adverse effects

A

Arrhythmia, CNS depression, drug dependence, hypotension, mild
respiratory depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clonazepam - safety in pregnancy

A

Category C: apnea in newborns, defects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Drugs for status epilepticus

A

Diazepam, lorazepam

phenobarbital, Phenytoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diazepam, lorazepam - contraindications

A

Acute angle-closure glaucoma, hypersensitivity, severe liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diazepam, lorazepam - adverse effects

A

Arrhythmia, CNS depression, drug dependence, hypotension, mild respiratory depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diazepam - interactions

A

Decreased met by: Cimetidine and disulfiram. Increased met by: rifampin. Clonazepam increases CNS depression with alcohol.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diazepam - safety in pregnancy

A

Cat D: increased risk of birth defects

17
Q

Lorazepam - interactions

A

Increased met by rifampin. Increased CNS depression with alcohol

18
Q

Lorazepam - safety in pregnancy

A

Cat D: increased risk of birth defects