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20 Antiepileptic drugs > Adjunct drugs for partial seizures 2 > Flashcards

Adjunct drugs for partial seizures 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Adjunct drugs for partial seizures - 14 drugs

A 
Topiramate
Tiagabine
Levetiracetam
Zonisamide
Pregabalin
Vigabatrin
Lacosamide
Ezogabine
Clorazepate
Felbamate
Gabapentin
Lamotrigine
Rufinamide
Clobazam
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2
Q

Topiramate - MOA

A

Blocks voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Increases GABA activation of GABAa receptors. Blocks kainite and AMPA receptors (glutamate receptors)

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3
Q

Topiramate - adverse effects

A

Ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness, nystagmus, paresthesia, psychomotor impairment.

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4
Q

Topiramate - interactions

A

Increased met by: carbamazepine, phenytoin.

Decreases serum levels of oral contraceptives.

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5
Q

Tiagabine - MOA

A

Binds to recognition sites associated with the GABA reuptake transport protein. Blocks GABA reuptake

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6
Q

Tiagabine - adverse effects

A 
Dizziness
Somnolence
Nausea, abdominal pain
Nervousness
Difficulty with concentration or attention
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7
Q

Levetiracetam - MOA

A

Binds to a synaptic vesicle protein, impede neurotransmission across synapses

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8
Q

Levetiracetam - Indications

A

Partial seizures in children

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9
Q

Levetiracetam - Adverse effects

A

Somnolence, asthenia (weakness), infection, dizziness

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10
Q

Zonisamide - MOA

A

Blocks Na+ channels in the inactivated states.

Also act on voltage-dependent, transient inward currents of Ca2+ channels: reduces ion flow.

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11
Q

Zonisamide - Adverse effects

A

Somnolence
Anorexia, nausea
Dizziness, headache, agitation/irritability
Metabolic acidosis (young pts)

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12
Q

Pragabalin - MOA

A

Binds to the alpha2-delta site on an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and reduces the Ca2+ current.
Also analgesic effect

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13
Q

Pregabalin - indications

A

Partial seizures.
Neuropathic pain (diabetes & postherpetic).
Fibromyalgia

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14
Q

Vigabatrin - MOA

A

Irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminase (GABA-T), increases levels of GABA

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15
Q

Vigabatrin - Adverse effects

A

Amnesia, blurred vision, blue-yellow color blindness, decreased vision or other vision changes, eye pain, increase in seizures

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16
Q

Lacosamide - MOA

A

Selectively enhances inactivation of the voltage-gated sodium channels. Stabilizes hyperexcitable neuronal membranes.

17
Q

Ezogabine - MOA

A

Acts at K+ channel to increase the K+ ion flow, causing hyperpolarization of neurons. Enhance GABA-mediated chloride ion currents

18
Q

Topiramate, tiagabine, levetiracetam, zonisamide and vigabatrin - safety in pregnancy

A 
Topiramate: D - cleft palate.
Tiagabine: C
Levetiracetam: C
Zonisamide: C
Vigabatrin - C

20 Antiepileptic drugs (5 decks)

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