Generalisability

Question 1

Generalisability

Answer 1

The extent to which the findings of a study can be applied to the real world

Question 2

Sample Generalisability

Answer 2

Is the sample representative of the entire population or different in some way

Question 3

Setting Generalisability

Answer 3

Is there something unique about where the study took place that may influence the result

Question 4

Ecological Validity

Answer 4

Is the setting that the research took place generalisable
- Do people interact with the material in the real world the same as in the lab i.e. sexual studies do not have high levels of ecological validity

Question 5

Temporal Validity

Answer 5

Is there something unique about when the study took place that might effect the results

Question 6

Target Population

Answer 6

All of the people relevant to the research question defined by inclusion and exclusion criteria

Question 7

Inclusion Criteria

Answer 7

Meet the criteria to take part in the study i.e. in a study for depression in young people, those in the inclusion criteria must have depression and be within the age range

Question 8

Exclusion Criteria

Answer 8

Do not meet the criteria to take part in a study i.e. do not have depression and/or not in the age range

Question 9

Accessible Population

Answer 9

All of the potential participants that could theoretically meet the criteria for the study

Question 10

Representativeness

Answer 10

The extent to which the characteristics of cases are distributed similarly in the target and sample population

Question 11

Sample

Answer 11

A subset of the accessible population that actually takes part in the research

Question 12

Probability Sampling

Answer 12

Every case in the target population has an equal probability of being selected

Question 13

Simple Random Sampling

Answer 13

Every individual has an equal chance of being included

Question 14

Systematic Random Sampling

Answer 14

Individuals are drawn from the population using a fixed interval frame i.e. numbering students from 1-10 and sampling everyone with the number 4

Question 15

Stratified Random Sampling

Answer 15

Divide the population into smaller groups (strata) with a unique characteristic i.e. each year group in a school and the randomly choose from each strata

Question 16

Cluster Random Sampling

Answer 16

-Identify natural groups/clusters i.e. individual schools in county Galway
- Randomly chose a few clusters i.e. a few schools
- Randomly select people from each cluster

Question 17

Non-Probability Methods

Answer 17

The likelihood of each case being selected is unlikely and unknown

Question 18

Quota Sampling

Answer 18

When you reach the required number of individuals required to carry out a study, you stop data collection

Question 19

Self-Select Sampling

Answer 19

Participants are selected based on whether they have volunteered to carry out the study

Question 20

Convenience Sampling

Answer 20

Collecting your sample from where they are most easily access i.e. friends and family

Question 21

Snowball Sampling

Answer 21

Use existing study participants to collect future participants for the study

Question 22

Purposive Sampling

Answer 22

Participants are selected because they have a characteristic that the researcher need in their sample

Question 23

Maximum Variation Sampling

Answer 23

Most diverse set of perspective

Question 24

Homogenous Sampling

Answer 24

To get a very specific perspective

Question 25

Typical Case Sampling

Answer 25

To get people with the most common perspective

Question 26

Extreme Case Sampling

Answer 26

To get people with a very unusual perspective

Question 27

Critical Case Sampling

Answer 27

To get a uniquely informative perspective

Question 28

Expert Sampling

Answer 28

To get the most informed perspective

Question 29

Sampling Bias

Answer 29

Issues in the way that we generate our data