Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiologia > Generalidades > Flashcards

Generalidades Flashcards

1
Q

What is the myocardium composed of?

A

Células musculares estriadas conectadas por uniones comunicantes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are sarcomeres?

A

La unidad de contracción muscular formada por estructuras que se repiten en serie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What proteins are involved in muscle contraction?

A

Actina, miosina, troponina y tropomiosina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What role does tropomyosin play in relaxed muscle?

A

Impide la interacción entre actina y miosina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In a cross-section, how are thick and thin filaments arranged?

A

Cada filamento grueso está rodeado por seis filamentos finos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the dark and light bands in muscle fibers called?

A

Bandas oscuras (A) y bandas claras (I)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Z line in a sarcomere?

A

Punto de unión entre los filamentos finos de una sarcómera con los de la sarcómera adyacente

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the A band and I band during muscle contraction?

A

La banda A no varía de longitud; la banda I se acorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are T-tubules?

A

Invaginaciones de la membrana de la célula muscular estriada hacia el citosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

La propagación del potencial de acción a través de los túbulos T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?

A

Se une a la troponina C, lo que permite la interacción entre actina y miosina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two consequences of calcium influx in cardiac muscle?

A
  • Mayor duración de la contracción del músculo cardíaco
  • Mayor sensibilidad a la concentración de calcio
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens during muscle relaxation in cardiac muscle?

A

El calcio se almacena en el retículo sarcoplasmático a través de una bomba ATPasa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fill in the blank: ATP is required for _______.

A

disociar actina y miosina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False: The energy expenditure occurs during muscle contraction.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger during relaxation?

A

Permite que una pequeña proporción de calcio salga al exterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the term ‘zona H’ refer to in a sarcomere?

A

Zona en la banda A donde no existen filamentos finos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens to the sarcomeres during contraction?

A

Se acortan debido al deslizamiento de los filamentos de actina hacia el centro de la banda A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the main function of the heart?

A

To receive and pump blood to various organs and tissues of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does deoxygenated blood enter the heart?

A

Through the superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the pathway of blood starting from the right atrium?

A

Right atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary valve → Pulmonary artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens to blood in the pulmonary bed?

A

Blood gets oxygenated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the pathway of oxygenated blood starting from the pulmonary veins?

A

Pulmonary veins → Left atrium → Mitral valve → Left ventricle → Aortic valve → Systemic circulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the phases of the cardiac cycle?

A

Isovolumetric contraction, ejection period, isovolumetric relaxation, filling phases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What initiates systole in the cardiac cycle?

A

Contraction of the ventricles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the first heart sound associated with?

A

Closure of the AV valves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What occurs during isovolumetric contraction?

A

Ventricular pressure increases, closing AV valves.

28
Q

What is the second heart sound associated with?

A

Closure of the semilunar valves.

29
Q

What are the three filling phases of the ventricles?

A
  • Rapid filling
  • Diastasis
  • Atrial contraction.
30
Q

How does heart rate affect diastole?

A

Diastole shortens with increased heart rate.

31
Q

What is the role of diastole in myocardial perfusion?

A

It is the period during which the myocardium is perfused.

32
Q

What are the three factors that determine stroke volume?

A
  • Preload
  • Contractility
  • Afterload.
33
Q

What does preload refer to?

A

The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole.

34
Q

What is the Frank-Starling law?

A

The stroke volume is directly proportional to the initial length of cardiac muscle fibers.

35
Q

What factors can decrease cardiac contractility?

A
  • Hypoxia
  • Hypercapnia
  • Acidosis
  • Negative inotropic drugs.
36
Q

What is the effect of sympathetic nervous system stimulation on contractility?

A

It increases contractility.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The initial phase of ventricular filling is called _______.

A

Rapid filling.

38
Q

True or False: The diastolic phase is the first to be affected during myocardial ischemia.

A

True.

39
Q

Fases de la diastole

A
40
Q

Relacion entre precarga, contractilida y poscarga con el volumen sistolico

A
41
Q

Pulso salton

A
42
Q

Pulso Anacroto

A
43
Q

Pulso hipocinegico

A
44
Q

Pulso bisferens

A
45
Q

Pulso alternate

A
46
Q

Pulso paradojico y sgno de kussmaul

A
47
Q

Pulso venoso

A
48
Q

R1 y r2

A
49
Q

Bloqueos de rama y ruidos cardiacos

A
50
Q

Estenosis valvular y ruidos cardiacos

A
51
Q

R3 y r4

A
52
Q

Maniobras que aumentan el retorno venoso

A
53
Q

Signos radiologicos de crecimiento de cavidades toracicas

A
54
Q

Que se registra con la ergometria

A
55
Q

Para que se utiliza la ergometria

A
56
Q

Vias de realizar el ecocardio

A
57
Q

M ecocardio

A
58
Q

Ecocardio 2d

A
59
Q

Ecocardio 3d

A
60
Q

Ecocardio doppler

A
61
Q

Como se realiza el acateterismo y angiofrafia diagnosticoterapeutica

A
62
Q

Para que se realiza la rmn cardiaca

A
63
Q

Limitaciones rmn cardiaca

A
64
Q

En que consiste el estudio electrofisiologico

A
65
Q

Uso estudio electrofisiologico

A
66
Q

Angiotac uso

A
67
Q

Angiotac y calcium score

A

Cardiologia (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions