Generalidades Flashcards

1
Q

GRAM +, CARACTERISTICAS (2)

A
  1. PARED CELULAR ESPESA
  2. COLOR VIOLETA (POSITIVA:PURPLE)
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2
Q

GRAM - , CARACTERISTICAS (3)

A
  1. PARED CELULAR MAS FINA
  2. MEMBRANA EXTERNA
  3. COLOR ROJO
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3
Q

COCOS GRAM + (STAPHYLOCOCCUS; 2 GRUPOS)

A
  • COAGULOSA POSITIVO:
    S. AUREUS
  • COAGULASA NEGATIVO:
    S. EPIDERMIDIS
    S. HOMINIS
    S. LUGDUNENSIS
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4
Q

DONDE ESTAN LOS STAPHYLOCOCCUS?

A

PIEL

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5
Q

COCOS GRAM + (STREPTOCOCCUS; 2 GRUPOS)

A
  • ALFA HEMOLITICOS:
    S. VIRIDANS
    S. PNEUMONIE (PNEUMOCOCO)
  • BETA HEMOLITICOS:
    A: S. PYOGENES
    B: S. AGALACTIE
    D: S BOVIS
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6
Q

S. VIRIDANS, DONDE ENCONTRAMOS?

A

BOCA

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7
Q

S. PNEUMONIE (PNEUMOCOCO), DONDE ENCONTRAMOS?

A

VIA AEREA SUPERIOR

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8
Q

S. PYOGENES, DONDE ECONTRAMOS?

A

PIEL

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9
Q

S. AGALACTIE, DONDE ENCONTRAMOS?

A

TRACTO GENITOURINARIO

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10
Q

S. BOVIS, DONDE ENCONTRAMOS?

A

TRACTO GASTROINTESTINAL.
CA. DE COLON Y ENDOCARDITIS

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11
Q

GRAM+, ENTEROCOCCUS (2)

A
  1. E. FAECIUM (ENTEROCOCO MALO, RESISTENTE A B-LACTAMICOS)
  2. E. FAECALIS (FELIS, SENSIBLE A B-LACTAMICOS)
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12
Q

ENTEROCOCCUS, DONDE ESTAN?

A

TRACTO GASTROINTESTINAL

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13
Q

BACILOS GRAM + (2)

A
  1. LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES
  2. CLOSTRIDIUM DIFICILE
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14
Q

COCOS GRAM -

A

NEISERIA MENINGITIDIS
NEISERIA GONORRHOEAE
MORAXELLA CATARRALIS

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15
Q

LAS NEISERIAS SON…?

A

DIPLOCOCOS

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16
Q

MORAXELLA CATARRALIS, DONDE SE UBICA?

A

VIA AEREA SUPERIOR

17
Q

ESPIROQUETAS? (3)

A
  1. TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
  2. BORRELIA
  3. LEPTOSPIRA
18
Q

BACILOS GRAM - , GRUPOS (4)

A
  1. ENTERICOS
  2. NO FERMENTADORES DE LACTOSA
  3. ANAEROBIOS
  4. OTROS
19
Q

BACILOS GRAM - ENTERICOS (11)

A

E. COLI
KLEBSIELLA
SALMONELLA
SHIGELLA
MORGANELLA
YERSINIA
SERRATIA
PROTEUS
PROVIDENCIA
CITROBACTER
ENTEROBACTER

20
Q

BACILOS GRAM - NO FERMENTADORES DE LACTOSA (4)

A

PSEUDOMONAS
ACINETOBACTER
STENOTROPHOMONAS
BURKHOLDERIA

21
Q

BACILOS GRAM - ANAEROBIOS

A

BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS

22
Q

BACTERIAS ATIPICAS?

A
  1. LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA
  2. MYCOPLASMA (SIN PARED)
  3. CHLAMYDIA (SIN PARED)
23
Q

QUE TIENEN EN COMUN LAS BACTERIAS ATIPICAS?

A

SON RESISTENTES A LOS B-LACTAMICOS

24
Q

INFECCION EN PIEL, PIENSO EN? (2)

A
  1. STAPHYLOCOCCUS
  2. STREPTOCOCCUS
    (DEBO CUBRIR GRAM+)
25
Q

INFECCION DE CAVIDAD ORAL, PIENSO EN? (1)

A

STREPTOCOCCUS
(DEBO CUBRIR GRAM+)

26
Q

INFECCION DE VIA AEREA SUPERIOR, PIENSO EN? (3)

A
  1. STREPTOCOCCUS
  2. HAEMOPHILUS
  3. MORAXELLA
    (DEBO CUBRIR GRAM + Y - )
27
Q

INFECCION GASTROINTESTINAL, PIENSO EN? (2)

A
  1. BACILOS GRAM -
  2. BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS
    (DEBO CUBRIR GRAM - Y ANAEROBIOS)
28
Q

ANTIBIOTICOS QUE SOLO CUBREN GRAM + (4)

A

1. GLICOPEPTIDOS: VANCOMICINA Y TEICOPLANINA
2. LIPOPEPTIDOS: DAPTOMICINA
3.OXAZOLIDINONA: LINEZOLID Y TIDEZOLID
4. LINCOSAMINA: CLINDAMICINA

29
Q

ANTIBIOTICOS QUE SOLO CUBREN GRAM - (2)

A

**1. POLIMIXINAS: **POLIMIXINA B Y COLISTINA
2. URINARIOS: FOSFOMICINA

30
Q

ANTIBIOTICOS QUE CUBREN GRAM +/- (5)

A

1. B-LACTAMICOS
2. QUINOLONAS: AC. NALIDIXICO, NORFLOXACINA, LEVOFLOXACINA,MOXIFLOXACINA
3. TETRACICLINA Y GLICICLINA: TETRACICLINA, DOXICICLINA, TIGECICLINA, ERAVACICLINA
4. MACROLIDOS: AZITROMICINA, CLARITROMICINA, ERITROMICINA
**5. SULFAS **

31
Q

ANTIBIOTICOS INTERMEDIO ENTRE GRAM + Y - (1)

A

AMINOGLUCOSIDOS: AMIKACINA, GENTAMICINA,ESTREPTOMICINA

POTENCIA LA ACCION DE LOS B-LACTAMICOS

32
Q

CIM?

A

CONCENTRACION INHIBITORIA MINIMA

33
Q

ANTIBIOTICO TIEMPO DEPENDIENTE?

A

B-LACTAMICOS

34
Q

ANTIBIOTICO CONCENTRACION DEPENDIENTE?

A

AMINOGLUCOSIDOS

35
Q

ANTIBIOTICOS CONCENTRACION Y TIEMPO DEPENDIENTES?

A

VANCOMICINA