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My AP Literature Flashcards > General Words I do not know > Flashcards

General Words I do not know Flashcards

1
Q

vice

A

immoral or wicked behavior

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2
Q

obsequiosuly

A

obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree

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3
Q

venal

A

showing or motivated by susceptibility to bribery

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4
Q

furtive

A

attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble; secretive

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5
Q

ignominy

A

public shame or disgrace

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6
Q

antipathy

A

a deep-seated feeling of dislike; aversion

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7
Q

aversion

A

a strong dislike or disinclination

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8
Q

euphemistic

A

use of euphemism

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9
Q

euphemism

A

the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one though to be offensive, harsh, or blunt. ex: “to pass away” is a euphemism for “to die.”

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10
Q

impetuous

A

acting or done quickly and without thought or care

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11
Q

malordorous

A

smelling very unpleasant

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12
Q

amorous

A

showing, feeling, or relating to sexual desire

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13
Q

salient

A

most noticeable or important

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14
Q

dankness

A

unpleasantly moist or humid; damp and, often, chilly

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15
Q

moroseness

A

gloomily or sullenly ill-humored, as a person or mood

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16
Q

indolence

A

avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness

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17
Q

sanctimoniousness

A

making a hypocritical show of religious devotion, piety, righteousness

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18
Q

truculence

A

eager or quick to argue or fight; aggressively defiant

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19
Q

vestibule

A

an antechamber, hall, or lobby next to the outer door of a building

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20
Q

bevel

A

reduce (a square edge on an object) to a sloping edge.

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21
Q

burnish

A

polish (something, especially metal) by rubbing

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22
Q

ascertain

A

find (something) out for certain; make sure of

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23
Q

nave

A

the central part of a church building, intended to accommodate most of the congregation

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24
Q

squander

A

waste (something, especially money or time) in a reckless and foolish manner

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25
Q

exact

A

demand and obtain (something, especially a payment) from someone

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26
Q

scoffer

A

someone who jeers or mocks or treats something with contempt or calls out in derision

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27
Q

contempt

A

disapproval tinged with disgust

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28
Q

arduous

A

involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring

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29
Q

propinquity

A

the state of being close to someone or something; proximity

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30
Q

legate

A
  1. a member of the clergy, especially a cardinal, representing the pope
  2. a general or governor of an ancient Roman province, or their deputy
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31
Q

animadversion

A

criticism or censure

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32
Q

censure

A

press severe disapproval of (someone or something), typically in a formal statement

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33
Q

inimical

A
  1. tending to obstruct or harm

2. unfriendly; hostile

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34
Q

inception

A

the establishment or starting point of an institution or activity

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35
Q

odious

A

extremely unpleasant; repulsive

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36
Q

nepotism

A

the practice among those with power or influence of favoring relatives or friends, especially by giving them jobs

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37
Q

vindicate

A

clear (someone) of blame or suspicion

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38
Q

blight

A

a plant disease, especially one caused by fungi such as mildews, rusts, and smuts

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39
Q

conation

A

the part of mental life having to do with striving, including desire and volition

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40
Q

volition

A

will is the cognitive process by which an individual decides on and commits to a particular course of action

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41
Q

pallid

A

(of a person’s face) pale, typically because of poor health

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42
Q

insipid

A

lacking flavor

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43
Q

varnish

A

resin dissolved in a liquid for applying on wood, metal, or other materials to form a hard, clear, shiny surface when dry

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44
Q

panegyric

A

a public speech or published text in praise of someone or something

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45
Q

reticent

A

inclined to be silent or uncommunicative in speech

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46
Q

idiomatic

A
  1. using, containing, or denoting expressions that are natural to a native speaker.
  2. appropriate to the style of art or music associated with a particular period, individual, or group
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47
Q

miff

A

annoy (verb)

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48
Q

edify

A

instruct or improve (someone) morally or intellectually

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49
Q

caress

A

touch or stroke gently or lovingly

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50
Q

histrionic

A

overly theatrical or melodramatic in character or style

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51
Q

melodramatic

A

being exaggerated, sensationalized, or overemotional

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52
Q

grist

A
  1. grain that is ground to make flour.
    malt crushed to make mash for brewing.
    2.
    useful material, especially to back up an argument.
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53
Q

connoisseur

A

an expert judge in matters of taste

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54
Q

infirmity

A

physical or mental weakness

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55
Q

sustenance

A

food and drink regarded as a source of strength; nourishment

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56
Q

fealty

A

a feudal tenant’s or vassal’s sworn loyalty to a lord

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57
Q

misgivings

A

a feeling of doubt or apprehension about the outcome or consequences of something

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58
Q

retinue

A

a group of advisers, assistants, or others accompanying an important person

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59
Q

craven

A

contemptibly lacking in courage; cowardly

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60
Q

sordid

A

involving ignoble actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt

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61
Q

sardonic

A

grimly mocking or cynical

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62
Q

vulgar

A
  1. lacking sophistication or good taste; unrefined

2. making explicit and offensive reference to sex or bodily functions; coarse and rude

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63
Q

coarse

A 
1. rough or loose in texture or grain.
"a coarse woolen cloth"
synonyms:	rough, scratchy, prickly, wiry
"coarse blankets"
2.
(of a person or their speech) rude, crude, or vulgar.
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64
Q

hedonism

A

the pursuit of pleasure; sensual self-indulgence

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65
Q

asceticism

A

severe self-discipline and avoidance of all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons

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66
Q

dissoluteness

A

indifferent to moral restraints

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67
Q

profligacy

A 
1.
shameless dissoluteness.
2.
reckless extravagance.
3.
great abundance.
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68
Q

reverie

A

a state of being pleasantly lost in one’s thoughts; a daydream

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69
Q

chalice

A

a large cup or goblet, typically used for drinking wine

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70
Q

travail

A

painful or laborious effort

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71
Q

recapitulate

A

summarize and state again the main points of

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72
Q

unheeded

A

heard or noticed but disregarded

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73
Q

scourge

A

A scourge is a whip or lash, especially a multi-thong type, used to inflict severe corporal punishment or self-mortification on the back

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74
Q

league

A

~ 3.5 miles

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75
Q

rapt

A

completely fascinated by what one is seeing or hearing

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76
Q

verbatim

A

in exactly the same words as were used originally

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77
Q

scurrilous

A

making or spreading scandalous claims about someone with the intention of damaging their reputation.

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78
Q

anecdote

A

a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person.

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79
Q

placard

A

noun
1.
a poster or sign for public display, either fixed to a wall or carried during a demonstration.

verb
1.
cover with placards.

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80
Q

augmented

A

having been made greater in size or value

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81
Q

studs

A

a large-headed piece of metal that pierces and projects from a surface, especially for decoration.

82
Q

studded

A

decorated or augmented with studs.

83
Q

consort

A

habitually associate with (someone), typically with the disapproval of others

84
Q

debonnair

A

(of a man) confident, stylish, and charming

85
Q

frank

A

honest and straightforward in speech or attitude

86
Q

calumny

A

the making of false and defamatory statements in order to damage someone’s reputation; slander

87
Q

canon

A
  1. a general law, rule, principle, or criterion by which something is judged.
    “the appointment violated the canons of fair play and equal opportunity”
    2.
    a collection or list of sacred books accepted as genuine.
88
Q

gaunt

A

(of a person) lean and haggard, especially because of suffering, hunger, or age

89
Q

saturnine

A

(of a person or their manner) slow and gloomy

90
Q

insolent

A

showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect

91
Q

ennui

A

a feeling of listlessness and dissatisfaction arising from a lack of occupation or excitement

92
Q

effigy

A

-a sculpture or model of a person.
“coins bearing the effigy of Maria Theresa of Austria”
-a roughly made model of a particular person, made in order to be damaged or destroyed as a protest or expression of anger.

93
Q

ornate

A

made in an intricate shape or decorated with complex patterns

94
Q

brusque or brusk

A

abrupt in manner; blunt; rough

95
Q

indignation

A

anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment

96
Q

languid

A
  1. (of a person, manner, or gesture) displaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed.
    2.
    weak or faint from illness or fatigue.
97
Q

gratuitous

A
  1. uncalled for; lacking good reason; unwarranted.
    2.
    given or done free of charge.
98
Q

petulant

A

(of a person or their manner) childishly sulky or bad-tempered

99
Q

debauchery

A

excessive indulgence in sensual pleasures

100
Q

implicate

A
  1. show (someone) to be involved in a crime.
    “police claims implicated him in many more killings”
    2.
    convey (a meaning or intention) indirectly through what one says, rather than stating it explicitly; imply.
101
Q

prate

A

talk foolishly or tediously about something

102
Q

staunch

A
  1. loyal and committed in attitude.
    “a staunch supporter of the antinuclear lobby”
    2.
    (of a wall) of strong or firm construction.
103
Q

pedantry

A

excessive concern with minor details and rules

104
Q

prosaic

A
  1. having the style or diction of prose; lacking poetic beauty.
    “prosaic language can’t convey the experience”
  2. commonplace; unromantic.
105
Q

sham

A

a thing that is not what it is purported to be

106
Q

depravity

A

moral corruption; wickedness

107
Q

feign

A

pretend to be affected by (a feeling, state, or injury)

108
Q

guile

A

sly or cunning intelligence

109
Q

malevolent

A

having or showing a wish to do evil to others

110
Q

diabolical

A

belonging to or so evil as to recall the Devil

111
Q

overtone

A

a subtle quality, implication, or connotation

112
Q

amalgam

A

a mixture or blend

113
Q

gallantry

A

noun
1.
courageous behavior, especially in battle.
“a medal awarded for outstanding gallantry during the raid”
2.
polite attention or respect given by men to women
“she acknowledged his selfless gallantry”

114
Q

disposition

A

noun
1.
a person’s inherent qualities of mind and character.
“a sweet-natured girl of a placid disposition”
2.
the way in which something is placed or arranged, especially in relation to other things.
“the plan need not be accurate so long as it shows the disposition of the rooms”

115
Q

veracity

A

conformity to facts; accuracy

“officials expressed doubts concerning the veracity of the story”

116
Q

civility

A

formal politeness and courtesy in behavior or speech.
“I hope we can treat each other with civility and respect”

polite remarks used in formal conversation
“she was exchanging civilities with his mother”

117
Q

propriety

A

noun

the state or quality of conforming to conventionally accepted standards of behavior or morals.
“he always behaved with the utmost propriety”

the details or rules of behavior conventionally considered to be correct.
“she’s a great one for the proprieties”

the condition of being right, appropriate, or fitting.
“they questioned the propriety of certain investments made by the council”

118
Q

scruple

A

noun
1.
a feeling of doubt or hesitation with regard to the morality or propriety of a course of action.
“I had no scruples about eavesdropping”

verb
1.
hesitate or be reluctant to do something that one thinks may be wrong.
“she doesn’t scruple to ask her parents for money”

119
Q

perforce

A

adverb

used to express necessity or inevitability.

120
Q

vivacity

A

(especially in a woman) the quality of being attractively lively and animated.
“he was struck by her vivacity, humor and charm”

121
Q

proxy

A

noun
1.
the authority to represent someone else, especially in voting.
“they may register to vote by proxy”
2.
a figure that can be used to represent the value of something in a calculation.
“the use of a US wealth measure as a proxy for the true worldwide measure”

122
Q

satire

A

the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.

123
Q

vain

A 
adjective
1.
having or showing an excessively high opinion of one's appearance, abilities, or worth.
"their flattery made him vain"
2.
producing no result; useless.
"a vain attempt to tidy up the room"
124
Q

ideal

A

adjective
1.
satisfying one’s conception of what is perfect; most suitable.
“the swimming pool is ideal for a quick dip”
2.
existing only in the imagination; desirable or perfect but not likely to become a reality.
“in an ideal world, we might have made a different decision”
noun
1.
a person or thing regarded as perfect.
“you’re my ideal of how a man should be”

125
Q

iniquity

A

immoral or grossly unfair behavior.

“a den of iniquity”

126
Q

insinuate

A

verb
1.
suggest or hint (something bad or reprehensible) in an indirect and unpleasant way.
“he was insinuating that she had slept her way to the top”
2.
maneuver oneself into (a position of favor or office) by subtle manipulation.
“she seemed to be taking over, insinuating herself into the family”

127
Q

vagabond

A

a person who wanders from place to place without a home or job.

128
Q

plaintive

A

sounding sad and mournful.

“a plaintive cry”

129
Q

pensive

A

engaged in, involving, or reflecting deep or serious thought

“a pensive mood”

130
Q

melancholy

A

noun
1.
a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause.
“an air of melancholy surrounded him”

adjective
1.
having a feeling of melancholy; sad and pensive.
“she felt a little melancholy”

131
Q

lionize

A

verb
give a lot of public attention and approval to (someone); treat as a celebrity.
“modern athletes are lionized”

132
Q

poignant

A

adjective
evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret.
“a poignant reminder of the passing of time”

133
Q

tumult

A

noun
a loud, confused noise, especially one caused by a large mass of people.
“a tumult of shouting and screaming broke out”

confusion or disorder.
“the whole neighborhood was in a state of fear and tumult”

134
Q

elegy

A

a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead

135
Q

laud

A

verb
praise (a person or their achievements) highly, especially in a public context.
“the obituary lauded him as a great statesman and soldier”

136
Q

antithetical

A

adjective
1.
directly opposed or contrasted; mutually incompatible.
“people whose religious beliefs are antithetical to mine”

137
Q

dolorous

A

adjective

feeling or expressing great sorrow or distress

138
Q

serene

A

adjective
1.
calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
“her eyes were closed and she looked very serene”

139
Q

foment

A

verb
1.
instigate or stir up (an undesirable or violent sentiment or course of action)

140
Q

elegiac

A

adjective

expressing grief or loss

141
Q

saturnine

A

adjective

(of a person or their manner) slow and gloomy

142
Q

moralize

A

verb

comment on issues of right and wrong, typically with an unfounded air of superiority

143
Q

subdue

A

verb
overcome, quieten, or bring under control (a feeling or person).
“she managed to subdue an instinct to applaud”

bring (a country or people) under control by force.
“Charles went on a campaign to subdue the Saxons”

144
Q

mortification

A

noun
1.
great embarrassment and shame.
“they mistook my mortification for an admission of guilt”
2.
the action of subduing one’s bodily desires.
“mortification of the flesh has a long tradition in some religions”

145
Q

hauteur

A

noun

haughtiness of manner; disdainful pride.

146
Q

incumbent

A

adjective
1.
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
“it is incumbent on all decent people to concentrate on destroying this evil”
2.
(of an official or regime) currently holding office.
“the incumbent president had been defeated”

noun
1.
the holder of an office or post.

147
Q

steward

A

noun
1.
a person who looks after the passengers on a ship, aircraft, or train and brings them meals.
2.
an official appointed to supervise arrangements or keep order at a large public event, for example a sporting event.

verb
1.
(of an official) supervise arrangements or keep order at (a large public event).
“the event was organized and stewarded properly”

148
Q

paltry

A

adjective
(of an amount) small or meager.
“she would earn a paltry $33 more each month”

petty; trivial.
“naval glory struck him as paltry”

149
Q

impertinent

A

adjective
1.
not showing proper respect; rude.
“an impertinent question”

2.
formal
not pertinent to a particular matter; irrelevant.
“talk of “rhetoric” and “strategy” is impertinent to this process”

150
Q

nonsensical

A 
adjective
1.
having no meaning; making no sense.
"a nonsensical argument"
2.
ridiculously impractical or ill-advised.
"a tax that everyone recognizes was nonsensical"
151
Q

languor

A

noun
1.
the state or feeling, often pleasant, of tiredness or inertia.
“he remembered the languor and warm happiness of those golden afternoons”
2.
an oppressive stillness of the air.
“the afternoon was hot, quiet, and heavy with languor”

152
Q

diffidence

A

noun
modesty or shyness resulting from a lack of self-confidence.
“I say this with some diffidence”

153
Q

hitherto

A

adverb
until now or until the point in time under discussion.
“there is a need to replace what has hitherto been a haphazard method of payment”

154
Q

coquetry

A

noun

flirtatious behavior or a flirtatious manner.

155
Q

astute

A

adjective

having or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one’s advantage.
“an astute businessman”

156
Q

shrewd

A

adjective

having or showing sharp powers of judgment; astute.
“she was shrewd enough to guess the motive behind his gesture”

157
Q

sagacious

A

adjective

having or showing keen mental discernment and good judgment; shrewd.
“they were sagacious enough to avoid any outright confrontation”

158
Q

sagacity

A

noun

the quality of being sagacious
“a man of great political sagacity”

159
Q

assuage

A

verb

make (an unpleasant feeling) less intense.
“the letter assuaged the fears of most members”

satisfy (an appetite or desire).
“an opportunity occurred to assuage her desire for knowledge”

160
Q

beguile

A

verb

charm or enchant (someone), sometimes in a deceptive way.
“every prominent American artist has been beguiled by Maine”

161
Q

dirge

A

noun

a lament for the dead, especially one forming part of a funeral rite.
“a lone bagpiper played the woeful dirge”

a mournful song, a piece of music, or poem.
“singers chanted dirges”

162
Q

aforementioned

A

adjective

denoting a thing or person previously mentioned.
“songs from the aforementioned album”

163
Q

archetype

A

noun
a very typical example of a certain person or thing.
“the book is a perfect archetype of the genre”

164
Q

infidelity

A

noun
1.
the action or state of being unfaithful to a spouse or other sexual partner.
“her infidelity continued after her marriage”
2.
unbelief in a particular religion, especially Christianity.

165
Q

uncritical

A

adjective
not expressing criticism or using one’s critical faculties.
“the technique had received uncritical acclaim in the media”

166
Q

smug

A

adjective
having or showing an excessive pride in oneself or one’s achievements.
“he was feeling smug after his win”

167
Q

complacent

A

adjective
showing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one’s achievements.
“you can’t afford to be complacent about security”

168
Q

buttress

A

verb (there is another form of this word that is a noun)
1.
provide (a building or structure) with projecting supports built against its walls.
“a buttressed wall”
2.
increase the strength of or justification for; reinforce.
“authority was buttressed by religious belief”

169
Q

sapient

A 
adjective
1.
formal
wise, or attempting to appear wise.
2.
of or relating to the human species ( Homo sapiens ).
"our sapient ancestors of 40,000 years ago"
noun
1.
a human of the species Homo sapiens.
170
Q

hoary

A 
adjective
1.
grayish white.
"hoary cobwebs"
2.
old and trite.
"that hoary American notion that bigger is better"
171
Q

sage

A

noun (there is another meaning to this word that has to do with plants)
1.
a profoundly wise man, especially one who features in ancient history or legend.

adjective
1.
having, showing, or indicating profound wisdom.
“they nodded in agreement with these sage remarks”

172
Q

trite

A

adjective
(of a remark, opinion, or idea) overused and consequently of little import; lacking originality or freshness.
“this point may now seem obvious and trite”

173
Q

divine (verb)

A

verb

discover (something) by guesswork or intuition.
“his brother usually divined his ulterior motives”

have supernatural or magical insight into (future events).
“frauds who claimed to divine the future in chickens’ entrails”

174
Q

eschew

A

verb

deliberately avoid using; abstain from.
“he appealed to the crowd to eschew violence”

175
Q

admonish

A

verb
warn or reprimand someone firmly.
“she admonished me for appearing at breakfast unshaven”

176
Q

admonition

A

noun
an act or action of admonishing; authoritative counsel or warning.
“the old judge’s admonition to the jury on this point was particularly weighty”

177
Q

grating

A

adjective
sounding harsh and unpleasant.
“a harsh grating voice came out of the speakers”

178
Q

strident

A

adjective
loud and harsh; grating.
“his voice had become increasingly sharp, almost strident”

179
Q

retribution

A

noun
punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong or criminal act.
“employees asked not to be named, saying they feared retribution”
synonyms: punishment, penalty

180
Q

impediment

A

noun

a hindrance or obstruction in doing something.
“a serious impediment to scientific progress”
synonyms: hindrance, obstruction

a defect in a person’s speech, such as a lisp or stammer.
synonyms: defect

181
Q

pervasive

A

adjective
(especially of an unwelcome influence or physical effect) spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people.
“ageism is pervasive and entrenched in our society”
synonyms: prevalent

182
Q

volatile

A

adjective
1.
(of a substance) easily evaporated at normal temperatures.
synonyms: evaporative, vaporous; More
2.
liable to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse.
“the political situation was becoming more volatile”
synonyms: tense, strained

183
Q

unrequited

A

adjective
(of a feeling, especially love) not returned or rewarded.
synonyms: unreciprocated, unreturned

184
Q

consummate

A

verb

make (a marriage or relationship) complete by having sexual intercourse.
“his first wife refused to consummate their marriage”

complete (a transaction or attempt); make perfect.
“his scheme of colonization was consummated through bloodshed”

185
Q

star-crossed

A

adjective literary

(of a person or a plan) thwarted by bad luck

186
Q

berate

A

verb
scold or criticize (someone) angrily.
“his mother came out and berated me for raising my voice”
synonyms: scold, rebuke

187
Q

genial

A

adjective
friendly and cheerful.
“waved to them in genial greeting”
synonyms: friendly, affable, cordial

188
Q

livery

A

noun
plural noun: liveries
1.
special uniform worn by a servant or official

189
Q

taper

A 
verb
1.
diminish or reduce or cause to diminish or reduce in thickness toward one end.
"the tail tapers to a rounded tip"
synonyms:	narrow, thin (out)
190
Q

precipice

A

noun
a very steep rock face or cliff, typically a tall one.
“we swerved toward the edge of the precipice”
synonyms: cliff face

191
Q

vestige

A

noun
a trace of something that is disappearing or no longer exists.
“the last vestiges of colonialism”
synonyms: remnant, fragment

192
Q

fetid

A

adjective
smelling extremely unpleasant.
“the fetid water of the marsh”
synonyms: stinking, smelly

193
Q

leaden

A

adjective
dull, heavy, or slow.
“his eyelids were leaden with sleep”
synonyms: sluggish, heavy

194
Q

ague

A

noun
malaria or some other illness involving fever and shivering.
a fever or shivering fit.

195
Q

ornate

A

adjective
1.
elaborately or sumptuously adorned, often excessively or showily so:
They bought an ornate Louis XIV sofa.
2.
embellished with rhetoric; florid or high-flown:
an ornate style of writing.

196
Q

sumptuously

A

adjective
1.
entailing great expense, as from choice materials, fine work, etc.; costly:
a sumptuous residence.
2.
luxuriously fine or large; lavish; splendid:
a sumptuous feast.

197
Q

decadence

A

noun
moral or cultural decline as characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury.
“he denounced Western decadence”

198
Q

pundit

A 
noun
plural noun: pundits
1.
an expert in a particular subject or field who is frequently called on to give opinions about it to the public.
"a globe-trotting financial pundit"
synonyms:	expert, authority
199
Q

asunder

A

adverb archaic literary
apart; divided.
“those whom God hath joined together let no man put asunder”
synonyms: apart, up

200
Q

disseminated

A

verb
past tense: disseminated; past participle: disseminated
spread or disperse (something, especially information) widely.
“health authorities should foster good practice by disseminating information”
synonyms: spread, circulate

My AP Literature Flashcards (5 decks)

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