General Vocabulary

Question 1

CNC

Answer 1

Computer Numerical Control

Question 2

Bit Depth

Answer 2

The resolution of color or sound that is stored in an audio or video file.

Question 3

Resolution

Answer 3

of pixels in X & Y direction

Question 4

Frame Rate

Answer 4

Frames you see in a second

Question 5

Bit Rate

Answer 5

Data throughput per second when sound is played back.

Question 6

Sampling

Answer 6

A part of the conversion from analog sound or video to digital. Involves taking snapshots of an a/v signal at very fast intervals.

Question 7

Raster

Answer 7

Media type, made up of small squares or pixels. Can scale up, cannot increase resolution.

Question 8

Vector

Answer 8

Media type that is easily scalable. Graphics are stored as mathematical lines or paths.

Question 9

Cutting

Answer 9

Laser burns through completely, usually vector files.

Question 10

Engraving

Answer 10

Remove incremental levels of materials. Typically raster files.

Question 11

Kerf

Answer 11

Measurable dimension of material removed by the cutting tool. Not straight on thicker material that is laser cut, is wider at the top.

Question 12

Voltage

Answer 12

Electrical pressure or the difference in electrical potential between two points.

Question 13

Dither

Answer 13

Intentionally applied form of noise to prevent color banding on images. Used in digital audio and video data and converting grayscale to black and white.

Question 14

Quantization

Answer 14

Process of mapping input values from a large set (often continuous) to output values in a smaller, often finite number of elements. Ex. Rounding, truncation.

Question 15

What is HD resolution?

Answer 15

1920 x 1080, or 1080p. 1080 rows high.

Question 16

What is 4k or ultra HD resolution?

Answer 16

3849 x 2160 or or 2160p it is 4x the resolution of an HD TV

Question 17

What are the three categories of video codex?

Answer 17

Capture Codex, Edit Codex, Delivery Codex

Question 18

Bit

Answer 18

0 or a 1

Question 19

Byte

Answer 19

8 bits

Question 20

Ground State

Answer 20

Lowest energy level for an individual atom. Occurs when electrons are all in nearest possible orbits to it’s nucleus.

Question 21

How does energy make light?

Answer 21

When one or more of an atom’s electrons have absorbed energy, they can move to outer orbits and become excited. Excited states are not stable, as electrons drop from high-energy to low energy levels they emit extra energy as light.

Question 22

MDF

Answer 22

Medium-density Fiber Board

an engineered wood product made by breaking down hardwood or softwood residuals into wood fibres, often in a defibrator, combining it with wax and a resin binder, and forming it into panels by applying high temperature and pressure. MDF is generally denser than plywood.

Question 23

SVG

Answer 23

Standard Vector Graphics -laser

Question 24

What is an Orthographic perspective?

Answer 24

A two dimensional representation of a 3D design.

Question 25

Viscoelastic

Answer 25

Material type. Viscoelastic materials Flow like liquid yet stretch and recover to original shape like solid. Examples: plastic, rubber, blood.

Question 26

Tension

Answer 26

Force that pulls apart an object’s molecules.

Question 27

Compression

Answer 27

The squeezing of an object’s molecules.

Question 28

Compression

Answer 28

The squeezing of an object’s molecules.

Question 29

Shear

Answer 29

A set of opposing forces on the same plane. Ex. Bottom and top of an object are pushed in opposite parallel directions.

Question 30

Torsion

Answer 30

Twisting force

Question 31

Flexure

Answer 31

Force created by an offset load, like a diving board flexing. Stress is greater the longer the distance from the center line. Flexure creates tension in some parts of the material and compression in others.