General Trivia 2

Question 1

Name this compound

Hint: This essential compound is a universal solvent, polar, and has a high heat capacity, helping with thermoregulation.

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

Name this element

Hint: The ability of this element to make 4 covalent bonds provides flexibility in bond formation to allow the formation of a huge variety of molecules essential to life.

Answer 2

Carbon

Question 3

Name this oil or fat

Hint: These are long chains of Hydrocarbons

Answer 3

Lipids

Question 4

Name these hydrocarbons

Hint: Consist of two monosaccharides bonded together.

Answer 4

Disaccharides

Question 5

Name this carbohydrate

Hint: These carbs can be added in the cis-golgi and are comprised of 3-10 monosaccharides linked together

Answer 5

Oligosaccharides

Question 6

Name this form of DNA

Hint: It is the least condensed form of DNA is found in genes being copied or transcribed

Answer 6

DNA double helix

Question 7

Name this

Hint: The most highly compacted form of heterochromatin only appears during mitosis

Answer 7

Chromosomes

Question 8

Name this structure

Hint: The second level DNA packaging known as “beads on a string” winds DNA around these structures.

Answer 8

Histones.

Question 9

Name the final result

Hint: This third packaging level coils strings of nucleosomes into these

Answer 9

Chromatin Fibers

Question 10

Name the final result

Hint: In the fourth level of DNA packaging compresses the chromatin fibers of the DNA 750 fold.

Answer 10

Chromatin Looped Domains

Question 11

Name this structure

The amino terminal to carboxy terminal sequence of an amino acid

Answer 11

Primary Structure

Question 12

Name this structure

Hint: The final folded structure of a single protein

Answer 12

Tertiary Structure

Question 13

Name this structure

Hint: The collection of two or more seperate proteins that combine to form a final complex

Answer 13

Quaternary Structure

Question 14

Name this structure

Hint: These secondary structures form parallel or antiparellel planes of amino acids

Answer 14

Beta Sheets

Question 15

Name this structural unit

This is a discrete structural unit that is assumed to fold independently of the rest of the protein and to have its own function.

Answer 15

A Domain

Question 16

Name this Tag

These tags send cargo to the lysosome.

Answer 16

mannose-6 phosphate tags (M6P)?

Question 17

Name this protein

This protein involved is used by the Golgi to form vesicles for exocytosis, endocytosis, and transport to the endosome

Answer 17

Clathrin

Question 18

Name this coat protein

Hint: The ER uses this coat protein to direct cargo to the Golgi.

Answer 18

COPII? (pronounced COP 2)

Question 19

Name this Protein

Proteins that need to return from the Golgi to the ER use this coat protein.

Answer 19

COPI (pronounced COP 1)?

Question 20

Name these amino acid sequences

Proteins destined to the cytosol lack these amino acid sequences to direct them to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 20

Signal Peptides

Question 21

Name the Plasma Membrane Main Component

The main component of the plasma membrane are these, which have a head group, phosphate, glycerol, and fatty acid tails.

Answer 21

Phospholipids

Question 22

Name this solution

If a cell is in this type of solution, it can result in lysis due to the lower amounts of solute outside the cell.

Answer 22

Hypotonic

Question 23

Name this

A cluster of membrane proteins, phospholipids, and other membrane constituents forming chemically and physically distinct patches.

Answer 23

Lipid Raft

Question 24

Name this type of transportation

Channel-mediated and carrier-mediated are two types of this, which does not require energy.

Answer 24

passive transport

Question 25

Name these transporters

These transporters briefly disrupt membrane asymmetry by randomizing the phospholipids.

Answer 25

Scramblases

Question 26

Name this energy source

The primary energy source for the brain’s neurons is this 6 carbon sugar, although ketones can also be used.

Answer 26

Glucose

Question 27

Name this organ’s primary energy source

The heart is unique in its use of this energy source in addition to some ketones.

Answer 27

Fatty Acid

Question 28

Name this primary energy source

In skeletal muscle, this is the primary energy source in low intensity exercise with plenty of oxygen.

Answer 28

Fatty Acids

Question 29

Name this anaerobic metabolic product

In high intensity exercise, glycogen stores will be broken down into this anaerobic metabolism product.

Answer 29

Lactate (Lactic Acid)

Question 30

Name this molecule

This molecule is an alternate way to store excess ATP, and can be used to generate ATP from ADP in muscle and the brain

Answer 30

Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate)