General: Topic 31-37 Flashcards
What are the QUANTITATIVE disorders of the plasma proteins?
- Dysproteinaemia (Normal total protein conc., but altered fractions)
- Hypo / Hyperproteinaemia (Total protein conc., as well as fractions, are altered)
What are the three main protein fractions of the blood?
- Albumin
- Globulins
- Fibrinogen
What are the QUALITATIVE disorders of the plasma proteins?
Paraproteinaemia (presence of abnormal proteins)
What are the consequences of paraproteinaemia?
- Increased EC sedimentation rate
- Increased serum colloid lability
- Oedema
What is the percentage of the albumin fraction of the blood?
35-50%
What is the percentage of the globulins’ fraction of the blood?
50-65%
What is the percentage of the fibrinogen fraction of the blood?
5%
What are some good markers in the case of mild injuries without any alteration to the total protein content?
- Acute phase proteins
- Peptide mediators
- Transport proteins
- Factors of coagulation, fibinolysis, kinin, and the complement system
What happens to the nitrogen metabolism in the liver during decreased hepatic function?
- Decreased detoxification
2. Decreased synthesis
What happens to the nitrogen metabolism in the kidney during decreased renal function?
- Increased urea and creatinine excretion
2. Increased protein (albumin) loss
What can be seen in the blood during decreased hepatic function (nitrogen metabolism specific)?
- Increased levels of NH3 and among acids
2. Decreased levels of Urea and protein
What can be seen in the blood during decreased renal function (nitrogen metabolism specific)?
- Increased urea and creatinine concentration
2. Decreased protein concentration
What can be seen in the urine during decreased hepatic function (nitrogen metabolism specific)?
Aminoaciduria
What can be seen in the urine during decreased renal function (nitrogen metabolism specific)?
Proteinuria
